1930
TRAN PHU
COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM FOUNDING CONFERENCE
GLORIOUS MILESTONE MARKING A GREAT HISTORICAL TURNING POINT OF THE REVOLUTION OF VIETNAM
1935
LE HONG PHONG
FIRST NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
ANTI-IMPERIALISM, ANTI-WAR FIGHT
I
1951
Ho Chi Minh
SECOND NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
RESISTING INVADERS, CONSTRUCTING THE NATION
II
1960
LE DUAN
THIRD NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
BUILDING SOCIALISM IN THE NORTH AND FIGHTING FOR NATIONAL REUNIFICATION
III
1976
LE DUAN
FOURTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
COMPLETING THE CAUSE OF NATIONAL REUNIFICATION, DRIVING THE NATION TOWARDS SOCIALISM
IV
1982
LE DUAN
FIFTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
BUILDING SOCIALISM AND SAFEGUARDING THE SOCIALIST FATHERLAND
V
1986
NGUYEN VAN LINH
SIXTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
DETERMINATION TO REFORM
VI
1991
DO MUOI
SEVENTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
CONTINUING REFORM PROCESS BRINGING THE COUNTRY FORWARD ON THE WAY TO SOCIALISM
VII
1996
DO MUOI
EIGHTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
CONTINUING REFORMS, IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL INDUSTRIALISATION AND MODERNISATION
VIII
2001
NONG DUC MANH
NINTH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
PROMOTING NATIONAL POWER, SPEEDING UP INDUSTRIALISATION MODERNISATION
IX
2006
NONG DUC MANH
10TH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
BRINGING INTO PLAY STRENGTH OF THE WHOLE NATION, SOON LIFTING VIETNAM OUT OF THE UNDERDEVELOPED STATUS
X
2011
Nguyen Phu Trong
11TH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
COMPREHENSIVELY PROMOTING NATIONAL RENEWAL CAUSE
XI
2016
Nguyen Phu Trong
12TH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
STRENGTHENING BUILDING OF PURE, STRONG PARTY
XII
2021
Nguyen Phu Trong
13TH NATIONAL PARTY CONGRESS
Solidarity – Democracy – Discipline – Creativeness – Development
XIII
COMMUNIST PARTY
OF VIETNAM
FOUNDING CONFERENCE
Time: From January 6 to early February, 1930
Venue: Kowloon, Hong Kong (China)
The First Meeting
of the Party
Central Committee
Time: October 14 to October 31, 1930
Venue: Kowloon, Hong Kong (China)
GLORIOUS MILESTONE MARKING A GREAT HISTORICAL TURNING POINT OF THE REVOLUTION OF VIETNAM

General context

- The World War I (1914-1918) ended, capitalist countries entered a period of recovery, economic development and stability (1919-1929) before falling into a comprehensive crisis (1929-1933). The ruling bourgeoisie continued to apply the policy of intensifying the exploitation of colonial countries.

The Russian Revolution succeeded in 1917, the Marxist-Leninist theory was materialised, opening up a new era in the human history in which the proletariat and suppressed nations around the world became united under the leadership of the proletariat to struggle against oppression and liberate their nations.

The anti-imperialism movements in capitalist countries and the national liberation movements in colonial countries took place strongly. On this foundation, communist parties were formed in many countries and step by step rose to lead the revolution.

- In Vietnam, the French colonialists launched the second colony exploitation programme. The Vietnamese society was deeply classified, with the working class expanding in both quality and quantity. The national contradiction and class warfare became tense with two essential conflicts: the one between Vietnamese people and the French colonialists and its henchmen, and the other between farmers and feudal landlords.

As an envoy of the Communist International who held the full authority to decide all matters related to the revolutionary movement in Indochina, Nguyen Ai Quoc convened a conference of delegates from Dong Duong Cong san Dang (Indochinese Communist Party) and An Nam Cong san Dang (Communist Party of Annam) to discuss the unification into one party.  

From January 6 to early February, 1930, the conference was held in Kowloon, near Hong Kong (China) under the chair of Nguyen Ai Quoc. Participants agreed to merge the Indochinese Communist Party and the Communist Party of Annam, forming a single party under the name Communist Party of Vietnam.

The conference approved documents: Abridged Political Platform, Abridged Strategy, Abridged Workplan, and Abridged Statute of the Party.

The documents passed at the Party founding conference became the important foundation for the building of revolutionary policies and methods of the Party.

The conference also decided the policy to set up Cong hoi  (Workers’ Union), Nong hoi (Farmers’ Union) and Hoi Phan de (Anti-Inperialism Association). Accordingly, the Workers’ Union and Farmers’ Union gathered workers and farmers who were not be able to become Party members, while intellectuals and petty bourgeoisie joined the Anti-Inperialism Association.

On February 24, 1930, the Indochinese Communist League was merged into the Communist Party of Vietnam. All the three communist organisations in Vietnam had been united in a single communist party – the Communist Party of Vietnam.

The formation of the Communist Party of Vietnam was an important milestone marking a great historical turning point of Vietnam’s revolution. It was an inevitable result of the combination of the theory on national liberation of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh revolutionary ideology and the workers’ movements as well as patriotic movements in Vietnam during the 1920s.

The third National Party Congress in September 1960 decided to “make February 3 each year on solar calendar as the Party foundation anniversary”.

Domestic events
In June, 1925, Nguyen Ai Quoc founded the Viet Nam cach mang thanh nien (Vietnam revolutionary youth association) in Guangzhou, China, and organised many training courses for officials in preparation for the founding of a political party of the working class. In 1929, the association was separated into two communist organisations: Dong Duong Cong san Dang (Indochinese Communist Party - June 17, 1929), and An Nam Cong san Dang (Communist Party of Annam -July, 1929).
On December 25, 1927, Viet Nam quoc dan Dang (Nationalist Party of Vietnam) was formed, representing the bourgeois democracy trend. On February 9, 1927, this party launched the Yen Bai uprising which was suppressed by the French colonialists.
In July, 1928, Tan Viet cach mang Dang (Tan Viet Revolutionary Party) was set up, gathering intellectuals and youth with petty bourgeoisie background, and inclined to proletarian struggle. In 1929, the party was divided and the Dong Duong cong san lien doan (Indochinese Communist League) was formed in September 1929.
On October 27, 1929, the Communist International send a letter to communists in Indochina, requesting the three communist organisations to end the division and conduct unification into a sole party to lead the revolution.
From 1929- 1930: Many struggles and strikes of workers took place nationwide, including a strike by 5,000 workers in Phu Rieng rubber plantation (February 3, 1930); a strike by over 4,000 workers of Nam Dinh spinning factory (March 25-April 16, 1930); and a demonstration by 20,000 farmers in Thanh Chuong, Nghe An (September 1, 1930).
March 17, 1930: The Party Committee of Hanoi was established, followed by the foundation of the first Party organisations and cells in many cities and provinces.
International events
In 1917: the Russian Revolution succeeded and became the core support of the world revolution. In March 1919, V. I. Lenin set up the Communist International (the Third, Communist International) in Moscow to direct and assist the international communist and workers’ movements, including those in Vietnam.
Between 1920 and 1929: the foundation and operation of the French Communist Party (from 1920), the Communist Party of China (from 1921) greatly influenced national liberation revolutions. The world workers’ movement saw major developments with major events including a strike in France that drew 900,000 people in October 1925, and another in Britain with five million participants in May, 1926.
The Great Depression (1929-1933) began in the US (due to the “domino” effect from the crisis on the Wall Street) and quickly spread to other capitalist countries. The date of October 29, 1929 became the Black Tuesday on the Wall Street.
In December 1929: Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as President of the Indian National Congress Party. He was an excellent leader of the struggle to liberate the nation from the British colonialism and regain independence for India. He also gave strong support to the national liberation and anti-oppression  movements in Asian and African countries.
ANTI-IMPERIALISM, ANTI-WAR FIGHT

General context

- International communist and workers’ movements continued to develop, which facilitated struggles of colonised peoples

All-round huge achievements recorded in socialism building in the Soviet Union significantly impacted revolutionary movements in colonised nations.

Capitalist countries tried to overcome the crisis by two different ways: fascisising the political system, promptly preparing for the war (Germany, Italy and Japan), and conducting socio-economic reforms (the UK, France and the US). Fascism posed a threat to global peace and security.

- In Indochina, workers’ movements gradually revived. People of all strata in both urban and rural areas engaged in the struggles in various forms like strikes by students and traders, and anti-tax movements by farmers.

- Party organisations gradually revived following the merciless suppression by French colonialists.

The first National Party Congress reviewed the situation inside and outside the country, highlighted achievements recorded by the Soviet Union and the revolutionary movements of working people in many countries across the world, and affirmed socialism is an historical inevitability.

The Congress held that the system of Party organisations was restored and progress made in revolutionary movements. People’s struggles gained victories at different levels over the past two years.

The Congress put forth three major tasks for the Party in the immediate future:

+ Consolidating and developing the Party;

+ Persuading the masses; and

+ Opposing the imperialist war

The Congress, for the first time, issued many extremely important resolutions to gather forces and build up public movements, including those on mobilising workers, farmers, soldiers, women and youths; anti-imperialism alliance work; on ethnic minority affairs; and on self-defence and aid groups.

The Congress approved the Party Statute and those of the Party’s public organisations.

The Congress elected the Party Central Committee. Comrade Nguyen Ai Quoc was appointed as representative of the Party at the Communist International. Comrade Le Hong Phong was elected as the Party General Secretary. In July 1936, Comrade Ha Huy Tap was appointed as the Party General Secretary. In March 1938, Comrade Nguyen Van Cu was appointed as the Party General Secretary.

In May 1941, the meeting of the Party Central Committee in Pac Bo (Cao Bang) elected Comrade Truong Chinh as the Party General Secretary.

The first National Party Congress was an important historical event, making the success of the struggle to keep and restore the system of Party organisations from the central to the grassroots levels, uniting revolutionary movements under the leadership of the Party Central Committee, and creating conditions for revolutionary movements to enter a new period of struggle.

Domestic events
1931-1935: In Bac Ky (Tonkin), there were 551 struggles by workers.
1934: Overseas leadership of the Communist Party of Indochina established, headed by Comrade Le Hong Phong.
Late 1934 and early 1935: Party committees of Nam Ky (Cochinchine), Trung Ky (Annam) and Bac Ky re-established.
1934: Comrade Nguyen Ai Quoc went to Russia to study at the International Lenin School.
1935: On the occasion of the founding anniversary of the Party and May Day, Vietnamese flags were flown and leaflets spread in many cities and provinces, asking for higher wages and reduction of work hours, tax and fee elimination, and voicing support for the Soviet Union and overthrow of French imperialism...
International events
January 30, 1933: Hitler (leader of the fascist party) was named Chancellor of Germany, opening up a bleak period of Germany.
1934: the Soviet Union joined the League of Nations.
July 1934: the Socialist Party and the Communist Party of France formed a united front against fascism in France.
July 25-August 20, 1935: the seventh World Congress of the Communist International was convened in Russia. The Congress defined the immediate enemy and tasks of struggle, and decided to establish the Popular Front against fascism and the war, for freedom and democracy and maintenance of peace. The delegation of the Communist Party of Indochina led by Comrade Le Hong Phong joined 65 other delegations of Communist Parties worldwide at the Congress. Nguyen Ai Quoc, then studying at the International Lenin School, was an invitee.
October 1935: the Italian fascist government headed by Mussolini began its invasion of Ethiopia.
II Party
Congress
Time: February 11 to February 19, 1951
Venue: Vinh Quang commune (now Kim Binh commune), Chiem Hoa district, Tuyen Quang province
Number of delegates : 158
Number of Party members: over 760,000
RESISTING INVADERS, CONSTRUCTING THE NATION

General context

- From 1950, the revolutionary movement around the world developed strongly. The socialist system formed after World War II (1939-1945) was consolidated and strengthened in all aspects.

The national liberation movement continued to develop.

The movement to protect world peace became a widespread movement of the masses.

A bipolar world order was formed, with the US and the Soviet Union having the greatest sphere of influence.

The US and western countries waged the “Cold War” against the socialist side. The world witnessed an arms race among superpowers, especially between the Soviet Union and the US.

In Indochina, the US increased aid for France and its puppet military and deeply interfered in the invasion war, ready to replace French colonialists.

- The Vietnamese people’s resistance war against France colonialists developed comprehensively and received active support and assistance from socialist countries. Particularly, after the 1950 northern border victory, the resistance war entered a new phase, the phase of counter-attacks and offensives.

The congress discussed the political report, the report on Vietnam’s revolution, the report on the Party’s organisation and Statute, and the supplementary reports on the “Mat tran dan toc thong nhat” (United National Front), the people’s democratic administration, the people’s army, economy – finance, and the people’s literature and arts.

The political report delivered by President Ho Chi Minh reviewed the Party’s diverse experiences over more than 20 years of leading the revolution and outlined orientations and tasks to lead the resistance war to complete victory. The report affirmed that the Party’s policy on a people-based, comprehensive and long-term resistance war for independence, unification and democracy was right, and the Vietnamese people’s resistance war against French colonialists and the US intervention would definitely be successful. The report pointed out two main tasks for the Party:

+ Leading the resistance war to complete victory.

+ Organising the Workers’ Party of Vietnam.

The congress reviewed the process of the anti-French colonialists resistance war and perfected the guidelines for the people’s democratic national revolution.

The congress decided to make the Party’s activities public under the name of the Workers’ Party of Vietnam, and adopted the Political Platform, Statutes and Declaration of the Party. It also decided to set up revolutionary organisations that suited the situation in Laos and Cambodia. The Workers’ Party of Vietnam had the duty to assist the revolutionary organisations of Laos and Cambodia in leading the two countries’ resistance wars to final victory.

The Party Central Committee elected at the congress consisted of 29 members. Ho Chi Minh was elected Party Chairman. The Politburo elected by the Party Central Committee comprised seven official members: Ho Chi Minh, Truong Chinh, Le Duan, Pham Van Dong, Vo Nguyen Giap, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Hoang Quoc Viet, and one alternate member who was Le Van Luong. Truong Chinh was re-elected General Secretary of the Party Central Committee.

The second National Party Congress was a significant historical event, marking the Party’s new development in terms of ideology and political line. From secret activities, the Party resumed public operations under the name the Workers’ Party of Vietnam, thus meeting the revolution’s development requirements.

Domestic events
+ January 9, 1950: Over 3,000 Sai Gon-Cho Lon students took to the streets to condemn the imperialists and their henchmen. In February 1950, the first national congress of the “Lien doan Thanh nien Viet Nam” (Vietnam Youth Federation) in Viet Bac decided to designate January 9 as the Traditional Day of Vietnamese Students.
+ March 19, 1950: More than 300,000 people of Sai Gon-Gia Dinh joined a demonstration to protest against the US war ship’s arrival at Sai Gon’s port.
January 14, 1950: The Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam issued a declaration on its foreign policy. Since then, socialist countries recognised and established diplomatic ties with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam: China (January 18, 1950), the Soviet Union (January 30, 1950), the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (January 31, 1950), Czechoslovakia (February 2, 1950), the German Democratic Republic (February 2, 1950)…
January 19, 1950: President Ho Chi Minh left for visits to China and the Soviet Union to garner international support and assistance for Vietnam’s resistance war against French colonialists.
From September 16 to October 17, 1950: The Border Campaign was conducted. The campaign’s success broke the “stranglehold” to create a new turning point for the resistance war against France.
December 1950: Backed by US imperialists, French colonialists appointed General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny High Commissioner and Commander-in-Chief of the French troops in Indochina, devising a new invasion plan.
From March 3 to 7, 1951: A national congress took place to merge “Viet Minh” (Viet Nam Doc lap Dong minh – League for the Independence of Vietnam) and “Lien Viet” (Hoi Lien hiep Quoc dan Viet Nam – Vietnamese National Popular League) into “Mat tran Lien hiep Quoc dan Viet Nam” (Vietnamese National Popular Front), or “Mat tran Lien Viet” (Lien Viet Front) for short.
March 11, 1951: The “Nhan Dan” (People) newspaper published the first issue.
March 11, 1951: An alliance of the Vietnamese, Laos and Cambodian peoples was established.
March 3, 1951: The Workers’ Party of Vietnam made debut. President Ho Chi Minh delivered a speech at the event.
May 6, 1951: The National Bank of Vietnam was set up.
1951-1953: The Party Central Committee perfected the guidelines for the people’s democratic national revolution and decided many issues to intensify the resistance war against the French colonial invaders.
International events
January 26, 1950: The Republic of India was established
February 14, 1950: The Soviet Union and China signed the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, which was valid for 30 years.
April 1950: The national united front committee and the people’s liberation central committee of Cambodia were set up. On August 13, 1950, the resistance government of Laos was founded, marking a new development of the revolution in Indochina.
June 27, 1950: US President Harry Truman declared the increase of military aid for France in the war in Vietnam, including sending military advisors and providing weapons.
July 18, 1950: The Korean War broke out.
November 1950: The second World Peace Congress took place in Warsaw, Poland, adopting a resolution demanding imperialists end the invasion wars in Vietnam and Korea. The Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam sent a delegation to the event.
December 23, 1950: The US, France and the three puppet governments in Indochina signed a mutual defence assistance agreement, paving the way for the US to directly interfere in the Indochina war.
June 28, 1951: The Cambodian People’s Party was established.
From September 4 to 8, 1951: The San Francisco Conference was held in the US with the participation of representatives from 51 countries to discuss an end to the war in Asia-Pacific and post-war relations with Japan.
+ At this conference, the head of the Vietnamese delegation, Tran Van Huu, asserted the Vietnamese State’s long-standing sovereignty over Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) archipelagoes, which was not opposed by any of the 50 other participating countries. That proved the San Francisco Conference’s tacit recognition of Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes.
+ September 8, 1951: The US and Japan signed the San Francisco Peace Treaty and the US-Japan Security Treaty.
III Party
Congress
Time: From September 5 to 10, 1960
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 525
Number of Party members: over 500,000
BUILDING SOCIALISM IN THE NORTH AND FIGHTING FOR NATIONAL REUNIFICATION

General context

- The world socialist system led by the Soviet Union recorded breakthrough developments that had intensive and extensive influence on international relations and played a decisive role in the maintenance of world peace and security, which created new favourable conditions for revolutionary movements of countries.

- In Vietnam, the Dien Bien Phu victory put an end to the French colonialists’ invasion war. The Geneva Accords were signed on July 21, 1954, restoring peace to Indochina. The country was temporarily divided into two regions.

The northern region was completely liberated and transiting to the stage of socialist revolution, becoming a firm base for the struggle for national reunification.

In the south, the Vietnamese people’s fight against US imperialist invaders and their henchmen took place fiercely.

The Party Central Committee’s political report at the third National Party Congress pointed out that:

The two revolutionary tasks in the north and the south belonged to two different strategies. Each task aimed to deal with concrete requirements of each region in the context of the temporary national division. However, those two tasks had an immediate common target - realising national peace and reunification.

The northern region was the shared revoutionary base of the whole nation. The unceasing development of the north not only enhanced the southern patriotic compatriots’ confidence and encouraged their revolutionary enthusiasm, but also made the balance between the revolutionary forces the anti-revolutionary forces in favour of the former and created optimal conditions for the revolution in the south to develop strongly and gain the ultimate victory…

On the other hand, to ensure peace for the northern region to build socialism and maintain peace in Indochina and the world, the south needed to resolutely fight against the US imperialists and their henchmen, thwarting their invasion and warfare policies, and toppling their brutal rule. There were no ways other than that.

The fundamental tasks of the first five-year plan (1961-1965) included:

+ Exerting efforts to develop industry and agriculture, prioritising the development of heavy industry, and developing agriculture comprehensively

+ Completing the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicraft industry and trade

+ Improving people’s educational level

+ Improving the working people’s material and spiritual lives and

+ Consolidating national defence, strengthening order and security, and protecting the socialism building in the north.

* The congress passed:

+ The resolution on the Party’s tasks and guidelines for the

+ The resolution on the date of Party establishment

+The Party’s Statutes (revised)

+ The appeal of the third National Congress of the Workers’ Party of Vietnam.

The congress elected the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Ho Chi Minh re-elected as Party Chairman and Comrade Le Duan elected as First Secretary of the Party Central Committee.

Domestic events
The uprising in Bac Ai (February 1959) and Tra Bong (August 1959) spread across the southern region to become the “Dong khoi” (Simultaneous Uprising) movement, typically in Ben Tre (January 1960), to seize the right to mastery in rural areas, switching the revolution from the status of conserving forces to the offensive status.
January 1, 1960: Promulgation of the 1959 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
March 1960: The “long-haired army”, developing from the “Dong khoi” movement in Ben Tre, came into being. The “long-haired army” elevated the Vietnamese women’s struggle to a new height.
May 8, 1960: The election of the second-tenure National Assembly was held. President Ho Chi Minh won the biggest number of votes, 99.91 percent of the total.
December 20, 1960: The “Mat tran dan toc giai phong mien Nam Viet Nam” (National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam) came into being, advocating to boost the solidarity between people and army to struggle against the US imperialist invaders and their henchmen.
1961: The US imperialists carried out the “Special war” strategy, which aimed to isolate the southern region’s revolution and separate Vietnam’s armed forces and revolutionary bases from the people.
February 15, 1961: All liberation armed forces in the south merged into the liberation army of the south placed under the command of the High Command of armed forces for the liberation of southern Vietnam.
August 10, 1961: The US army began using Agent Orange in Vietnam.
International events
September 2, 1960: The National General Assembly of the People of Cuba adopted the Havana Declaration, which stipulated citizens’ fundamental rights and determined the policy of resisting imperialism and enhancing solidarity with nations fighting for freedom and peace.
1960: The Year of Africa – 17 African countries declared their independence, marking the fundamental fall of the old colonialism.
May 22, 1960: A 9.5-magnitude earthquake in Chile killed about 1,600 people and injured 3,000 others.
September 1960: The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was set up with 13 members.
December 1960: The United Nations issued the Declaration on the Granting of Indepedence to Colonial Countries and Peoples.
January 20, 1961: Democrat John Kennedy was sworn in as President of the US.
April 12, 1961: Yuri Gagarin became the fist human being to travel into space.
April 1961: The Cuban army and people completely annihilated over 1,500 US-baked mercenaries landing on Giron Beach.
August 12, 1961: The Berlin Wall was built, separating West Berlin from East Berlin.
IV Party
Congress
Time: December 14-20, 1976
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,008
Number of Party members: over 1.55 million
COMPLETING THE CAUSE OF NATIONAL REUNIFICATION, DRIVING THE NATION TOWARDS SOCIALISM

General context

- Since the late 1970s, the socio-economic situation in the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries encountered various difficulties, hindering the support and material supply to other countries. Soviet Union leaders sought ways to negotiate with the US to gradually reduce the arms race.

In the mid-1970s, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN, established in August 1967) carried out an array of activities to promote cooperation between its member countries, and improve its influence and prestige in the region.

The Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia following the anti-US resistance war (April/1974) and betrayed the revolution. Backed by a number of external forces, the Khmer Rouge ruthlessly killed people at home and rolled out a foreign policy hostile towards the Vietnamese revolution.

- The Great Spring Victory in 1975 with the Ho Chi Minh Campaign at its peak liberated the south completely, opening up a new period of the Vietnamese revolution: the period of national independence, reunification and moving towards socialism.

The general elections (April 1976) elected the National Assembly of a unified Vietnam. The National Assembly made historical decisions on the country’s name, national flag, national anthem and the establishment of the state apparatus.

The Congress looked into the Political Report of the Party Central Committee; the report on major orientations, tasks and targets of the five-year (1976-1980) plan; and the report on Party building work and adjustment to the Party Statute.

* The Congress decided

- Directions for the socialist revolution in Vietnam in the new period.

Documents of the fourth National Party Congress desribed the victory of the anti-US and national salvation war as the most dazzling milestone in the national history, and a great feat of arms in the world’s history in the 20th century.

The Congress put forth the general directions for the socialist revolution in Vietnam in the new period as follows: firmly grasping the dictatorship of the proletariat, promoting the right to collective mastery of working people; simutanously conducting three revolutions on production relations, science-technology, and idegoly and culture, with the revolution on science-technology as the key; pushing ahead with socialist industrialisation as a central task during the transitional period to socialism; building the socialist collective mastery regime, socialist large-scale production, new culture and new socialist residents; abolishing exploitation, and eradicating poverty and backwardness; upholding vigilance, consolidating national defence, and preserving political security and social order; successfully building a Vietnam of peace, independence, unity and socialism; and significantly contributing to the global struggle for peace, national independence, democracy and socialism.

- Major orientations, tasks and targets of the five-year plan (1976-1980):

Developing and reforming the national economy; boosting scientific-technological development; intensifying ideological and cultural revolutions, and building and developing a new culture; strengthening the socialist state, promoting the role of mass organisations, well performing mass mobilisation; international missions and the Party’s foreign policy; and improving the Party’s leadership and combat capacity

* The Congress approved:

+ A resolution on renaming the Vietnam Workers’ Party as the Communist Party of Vietnam.

+ Supplements to the Party Statute, the replacement of the title “First Party Secretary” by “Party General Secretary”, and a regulation stipulating a five-year term of the Party Central Committee.

Domestic events
March 24, 1975: The Tay Nguyen campaign won a complete victory.
March 25, 1975: The Political Bureau was resolved to liberate the south before the rainy season in 1975.
March 26, 1975: Hue was liberated.
March 29, 1975: Da Nang was liberated.
April 30, 1975: The entire southern region was liberated, the country was reunified, putting an end to the 21-year war against the US for national salvation (1954-1975)
April 25, 1976: The general election to elect the sixth National Assembly was held nationwide.
From June 24 to July 3, 1976: The first session of the sixth National Assembly made important decisions:
+ Country name: Socialist Republic of Vietnam
+ National flag: red background with a five-pointed golden star in the middle.
+ National emblem: circular in shape, a five-pointed golden star in the middle of a red background, with a cogwheel and the inscription: Socialist Republic of Vietnam below
+ Capital city: Hanoi
+ National Anthem: “Tien quan ca” (Army Marching Song)
Sai Gon-Gia Dinh city was officially named Ho Chi Minh City.
In 1976, Vietnam officially estaliblished diplomatic ties with many countries like Jamaica, Ethiopia, Kuwait, Costa Rica, Nigeria, the Philippines and Thailand.
August 1976: Vietnam was elected to the Joint Coordinating Committee of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).
December 31, 1976: The Thong Nhat (Reunification) railway running over 1,700km from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City was put into service.
International events
April 17, 1975: The Khmer Rouge occupied Phnom Penh and took control of Cambodia, beginning its genocidal policy in the country that lasted until early 1979.
April 19, 1975: India’s first satellite was launched from the Soviet Union.
December 2, 1975: The Lao People’s Democratic Republic was established. Prince Souphanouvong was the President.
February 1976: ASEAN leaders signed the Bali treaty on principles of mutual respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity and non-interference in the internal affairs of one another, and cooperation for development between countries.
1976: Chairman of the Communist Party of China Mao Zedong and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai passed away (on September 9, 1976 and January 8, 1976, respectively). The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution that lasted for 10 years in China (1966-1976) ended.
April 1, 1976: Apple was formed under the name of Apple Computer, Inc with three founding members - Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronal Wayne.
July 28, 1976: Tangshan earthquake (China) – one of the most devastating natural disasters – claimed about 250,000 lives.
August 17, 1976: A 7.9 magnitude earthquake occurred near Mindanao and Sulu islands of the Philippines, triggering destructive waves of up to five metres, killing about 5,000-8,000 people.
July 1976: The Summer Olympics, held in Montréal, Québec, Canada, brought together more than 6,000 athletes from 92 countries.
August 22, 1976: The Soviet Union’s spacecraft Lunar 24 brought back to earth samples of soil from the moon.
V Party
Congress
Time: March 27-31, 1982
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,033
Number of Party members: more than 1.72 million
BUILDING SOCIALISM AND SAFEGUARDING THE SOCIALIST FATHERLAND

General context

- The socio-economic situation in Soviet Union and East European socialist countries faced difficulties, step by step falling into crisis.

The socio-economic reform policy of China (starting from 1978) saw initial positive outcomes.

In Southeast Asia, international hostile forces intensified interference measures to strengthen their domination and influence. Especially, they increased activities to sabotage the Vietnamese revolution.

- Vietnam was in peace but faced a kind of destructive war in many aspects, while standing ready to respond to any situation from which the enemies could wage a large-scale invasion war. The US continued its embargo policy on Vietnam.

The congress listened to a Political Report of the Party Central Committee and many other important reports. They pointed out the subjective and objective reasons behind difficulties and shortcomings. They highlighted subjective reasons – mistakes in economic leadership and management, and social management. The understanding of real situation, as well as the concretization of Party policies also revealed weaknesses and mistakes. Failing to fully realize the difficulties and complexity of the path to socialism from an economy in which small-scale production was popular and a mechanism of bureaucratic and subsidised administrative management was maintained too long, with slow change of policies.

On that basis, the Congress set out main socio-economic directions, tasks and objectives from 1981 to 1985 and for the 1980s, while affirming the continued implementation of the socialist revolutionary guidelines outlined by the fourth National Party Congress.

The Congress defined that one more step forward would be made between 1981-1985, along with the restructuring and the acceleration of socialist-oriented reform of the national economy.

The three aspects should be combined closely together, so as to basically stabilise the socio-economic situation, meeting the most urgent and essential needs in people’s lives, mitigating the most imbalanced areas of the economy, fixing an important part of the abnormalities in distribution and circulation, increasing premises and conditions to move forward more strongly and firmly in the next years.

On this foundation, the Congress outlined the main socio-economic directions, tasks and goals for the 1981-1985 period, and set out two strategic tasks of building socialism and firmly defending the socialist Vietnamese Fatherland.

- The Congress approved:

+ Resolution on the orientations, missions and targets of the five-year plan for 1981-1985 and the 1980s.

+ Resolution on Party building

+ Supplementations to the Party’s Statutes.

The Congress elected a Party Central Committee and re-elected Le Duan as General Secretary of the Party. On July 10, 1986, Party General Secretary Le Duan passed away. The Party Central Committee convened an extraordinary meeting on July 14, 1986, during which Truong Chinh was elected as the new Party General Secretary.

Domestic events
May 1, 1981: In Vientiane, Laos, a high-ranking delegation from the Party and State of Vietnam led by Vo Nguyen Giap presented the Golden Star Order - the noblest reward of the Party and State of Vietnam - to Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party.
June 19, 1981: The Vietnam - Soviet Union (Vietsovpetro) joint venture was set up on the foundation of the Inter-Governmental Agreement between Vietnam and the Soviet Union on cooperation in geological exploration and oil and gas exploitation in Vietnam’s southern continental shelf.
November 27, 1981: The Council of State ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (the Convention was adopted by the United Nations on December 18, 1979).
January 18, 1982: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam publishes a White Paper entitled "Hoang Sa (Paracel) Archipelago and Truong Sa (Spratly) Archipelago – part of the territory of Vietnam".
March 1982: Noi Bai International Airport was inaugurated.
July 7, 1982: An agreement on the common historic waters between the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the People’s Republic of Kampuchea was signed.
September 28, 1982: The Chairman of the Council of Ministers (now the Government) signed a decision designating November 20 every year to be Vietnamese Teachers' Day.
December 9, 1982: The Council of Ministers decided to establish Truong Sa district under Dong Nai province and Hoang Sa district under Quang Nam - Da Nang province (Da Nang city now). On December 28, 1982, the National Assembly approved the tranfer of Truong Sa district of Dong Nai province to Phu Khanh province (now Khanh Hoa province).
International events
January 20, 1981: Ronald Reagan was sworn in as President of the United States.
April 12, 1981: The first US space shuttle, Colombia, landed safely, marking an important turning point in space travel science.
July 16, 1981: Mahathia Bin Mohamet took office as Prime Minister of the Federation of Malaysia.
August 12, 1981: IBM announced IBM Personal Computer 5150, opening up a new concept –the concept of personal computer.
October 6, 1981: Egyptian President Sadat was assassinated.
March 25, 1982: The Constitution Act of Canada was adopted, marking the achievement of full independence for Canada.
June 6, 1982: Israel attacked Lebanon
August 19, 1982: Svetlana Savitskaya became the second Russian woman to fly in space aboard the Soyuz T-7 spacecraft with two other astronauts.
November 5, 1982: The Itaipu hydroelectric dam was inaugurated. This was the largest hydroelectric dam in the world at that time and a symbol of the cooperation of two neighbouring countries of Brazil and Paraguay.
November 10, 1982: General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union L. Brezhnev died (1905-1982).
November 12, 1982: Iu.V.Andropov was elected as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
December 10, 1982: The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) was adopted by 107 countries in Montego Bay (Jamaica).
VI Party
Congress
Time: December 15-18, 1986
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,129
Number of Party members: nearly 1.9 million
DETERMINATION TO REFORM

General context

The socialist system in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe fell into crisis and faced serious difficulties. Movements for national independence developed strongly; the Non-Aligned Movement became a massive political force playing an increasingly important role.

The gap between developed capitalist countries and developing countries further widened. The increasingly heavy exploitation by imperialist nations pushed many Asian, African and Latin American countries into extreme poverty and debt. Workers’ movements in capitalist countries saw new development.

The scientific-technological revolution proceeded in a vigorous way, giving a great boost to the workforce and accelerating the internationalisation of the workforces.

- Vietnam continued the building of socialism, collective ownership, a new and socialist economy, culture and people in combination with national defence.

However, the first 10 years of the transitional period, outdated production, war consequences and remnants of the old regime hindered the national development. The country’s advancement was negligible from the too low starting point. The mistakes and shortcomings the country had committed further worsened the situation

The sixth National Party Congress marked an important reform in Party leadership in politics, ideology and organisation work. With the spirit of “looking strait at the truth, accurately assessing the truth and clarifying truth,” the Congress affirmed achievements recorded in the previous term and also pointed out that socio-economic development was bogged in severe difficulties: slow production growth; low production and investment efficiency; ineffective utilisation of natural resources; tangled circulation, troublesome distribution; slow progress in dealing with major economic imbalances, with some even getting worse; slow consolidation of the socialist production relations; the life of people, especially workers and public servants, meeting various difficulties; and increasing social negative phenomena.

Generally, the country had yet to complete the overall target set by the fifth National Party Congress of basically stabilising the socio-economic situation and people’s lives.

Based on the analysis and assessment of the national situation, the Congress had a serious self-criticism itself for its mistakes and shortcomings. Reforming the way of thinking, better recognising the objective rules of the transitional period, inheriting attainments and experience in socialism building in the north and during the first years of national reunification, conducting various research experiments in the reality, the Congress worked out the policy of reform.

The Congress defined: The Party must mature in political leadership, devise and make concrete the guidelines, and work out righteous solutions to emerging issues regarding socialism building and national defence. To strengthen its combative and organisation capacity in reality, the Party needs to reform its way of thinking, firstly in economy and organisation; reform its personnel; and reform its leadership and work styles.

The Congress decided to supplement and amend certain points of the Party Statute, making it match the new situation.

Comprehensively reforming was actually the intention of the Party and an aspiration of the people. The sixth National Party Congress’s Resolution brought into life was the concretisation of major guidelines. The Party and State focused on addressing urgent socio-economic issues and maintaining political stability, and at the same time conducted the reform of various fields in the social life. Reform policies and guidelines brought about initial visible outcomes: the economic situation and people’s living standards were improved, social democracy promoted, and public trust in the renewal process was raised.

The Congress elected the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Nguyen Van Linh elected as Party General Secretary. Comrades Truong Chinh, Pham Van Dong and Le Duc Tho were assigned as advisors to the Party Central Committee.

Domestic events
January 4, 1986: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam issued a statement on sovereignty over Truong Sa (Spratly) and Hoang Sa (Paracel) archipelagoes.
January 16, 1986: The fifth national congress of heroes and emulation role models, the first of its kind since national reunification.
January 24, 1986: Vietnam signed a supplementary treaty to the Vietnam-Laos Treaty on Boundary Delimitation and the Vietnam-Laos Protocol on Field Border Demarcation and Border Marker Planting.
July 10, 1986: Party General Secretary Le Duan passed away.
July 14, 1986: The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam convened a special meeting where Comrade Truong Chinh, Politburo member and Chairman of the State Council, was elected as Party General Secretary.
May 25, 1987: The column “Things to be done immediately” by Comrade N.V.L (Party General Secretary Nguyen Van Linh) on Nhan Dan (People) newspaper debuted.
The column raised a press movement against wastefulness and other negative phenomena.
International events
January 28, 1986: US shuttle spacecraft Challenger broke apart after its launch, killing all crew members aboard.
February 20, 1986: Russia launched its Mir space station.
February 1986: The 27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
April 26, 1986: Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant exploded. The disaster claimed nearly 100,000 lives and forcing the evacuation of more than 340,000 people.
October 11-12, 1986: The Reykjavik summit between US President R. Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Gorbachev who discussed issues relating to nuclear weapons.
November 27, 1986: High-ranking leaders of the Soviet Union and India signed the Delhi Declaration on a world free from nuclear weapons and aggression.
January 27-28, 1987: At the plenary session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary Gorbachev announced the policies of reform (perestroika) and transparency (glasnost).
VII Party
Congress
Time: June 24-27,1991
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,176
Number of Party members: over 2.1 million
CONTINUING REFORM PROCESS BRINGING THE COUNTRY FORWARD ON THE WAY TO SOCIALISM

General context

- The system of the socialist countries fell into a comprehensive and deep crisis. The reform in the Soviet Union encountered various difficulties.

Hostile forces fought against socialism, Marxism-Leninism and communist parties from many aspects in an attempt to eliminate socialism. The Cold War ended. Powers revised strategies and stepped up trend of détente and cooperation.

- After over four years following the Party’s reform policy, Vietnam gained initial important achievements. Due to various difficulties and shortcomings, the country still failed to get out of the socio-economic crisis, and many hot socio-economic issues were yet to be addressed.

Economic blockade and embargo against the country was yet to be lifted.

Vietnam still confronted sabotage activities by hostile forces at home and abroad.

The Congress reviewed the implementation of the Resolution adopted by the sixth Party Congress and adopted a Platform on national construction during the period of transition to socialism; a socio-economic development strategy till 2020; and a Report on Party building and amendment of the Party Statutes.

The Congress acquired initial experiences in conducting the cause of reform. Such included maintaining the orientations to socialism; conducting comprehensive, concerted and full reforms with suitable steps, forms and methods; developing a multi-sectoral economy in combination with strengthening the State socio-economic management; continuing to widely uphold socialist democracy; paying attention to situation forecast, promptly discovering and dealing with new emerging issues in the spirit of persisting the reforms; strengthening practical summarisation and constantly completing the theory on the way of building socialism in the country.

The Platform on national construction in the period of transition to socialism was adopted by the Congress, highlighting the socialist features built by the people, basic orientations to successfully build socialism in the country. The Platform affirms that the socialist society built by the people is:

- Mastered by working people

- Having a highly developed economy based on modern production forces and public possession of key production materials.

- Having a modern culture imbued with national identity

- Having people liberated from suppression, exploitation, injustice, following the motto of “From each according to their ability, to each according to their work”, and having a free and well-off life and conditions for full personal development.

- Domestic ethnic groups being equal, united and offering mutual support for progress.

- Enjoying relations of friendship and cooperation with peoples from all the countries worldwide

The Congress elected the Party Central Committee and Do Muoi as Party General Secretary. Nguyen Van Linh, Pham Van Dong, and Vo Chi Cong served as advisors to the Party Central Committee.

Domestic events
February 9, 1991: Political Bureau issued Resolution No.25-NQ/TW on reforming and strengthening Party leadership on work on the youth.
March 30, 1991: Political Bureau issued the Resolution No.26-NQ/TW on science and technology in the cause of reform.
May 7-13, 1991: Party General Secretary Nguyen Van Linh paid a working visit to the Soviet Union.
August, 1991: Vo Van Kiet was elected as Chairman of the Council of Ministers at the ninth session of the eighth National Assembly.
September 12-13, 1991: A foreign investment into Vietnam conference, themed “Vietnam: Waking tiger”, was held for the first time in the US.
November 4, 1991: Vietnam became the 156th member of the International Criminal Police Organisation (Interpol).
November 5-11, 1991: Party General Secretary Do Muoi and Chairman of the Council of Ministers Vo Van Kiet paid an official visit to China. The event was of great significance, marking the normalisation of ties between Vietnam and China.
International events
January 16, 1991: The US and its alliances launched the “Desert Storm” Operation, beginning the first Gulf War.
April 3, 1991: The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 687 on official cease-fire in the Gulf.
March 31, 1991: Warsaw Treaty Organisation ended operations.
February 23, 1991: Military coup d’état in Thailand to restore military government led by Gen. Chaovalit.
August 15, 1991: Laos promulgated the first Constitution
1991: The Soviet Union fell into a deep crisis and gradually collapsed, beginning an abortive coup d’état (August 19), prompting M.S. Gorbachev to step down as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and demand the dissolution of the Party Central Committee (August 24). The Communist Party of the Soviet Union’s operations were ended (August 29). On December 21, a Soviet Union dissolution treaty was signed, paving the way for the establishment of the Common Wealth of Independent States and forcing M.S. Gorbachev to resign as President of the Soviet Union (December 25).
December 7, 1991: Leaders of 12 European countries completed negotiations on the Maastrich Treaty, laying the foundation for the birth of the European Union.
VIII Party
Congress
Time: From June 28 to July 1, 1996
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,196
Number of Party members: over 2 million
CONTINUING REFORMS, IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL INDUSTRIALISATION AND MODERNISATION

General context

- The socialist systems in the Soviet Union and East European countries collapsed, creating a temporary recession of socialism, but this failed to change the nature of the time, the mankind was still in the transitional period to socialism.

The risk of a world war was rolled back, but armed conflicts, local wars, racial and religious conflicts, arms races, acts of intervention, overthrowing, and terrorism still happened in many places.

The scientific and technological revolution continued developing at a higher level.

The Asia-Pacific region developed dynamically but also had certain latent factors that might cause instability.

- After 10 years implementing comprehensive reforms, the country obtained noticeable successes in multiple fields. The material life of most of the people was improved; democracy promoted; and the people’s trust in the regime, the country’s future, the Party and the State enhanced. The country got out of the socio-economic crisis but had yet to attain solid performance in some aspects.

In foreign relations, Vietnam gained considerable achievements, including the normalisation of ties with the US (July 1995) and the joining into ASEAN (July 1995), thus helping raise its stature in the international arena.

The Congress reviewed the 10 years of implementing comprehensive reforms and the five years of implementing the resolution of the seventh National Party Congress; devised goals, orientations and solutions for promoting national industrialisation and modernisation; and supplemented and amended the Party’s Statutes.

The congress assessed that the reforms carried out in 10 years harvested significant achievements. The tasks set by the seventh National Party Congress were basically fulfilled. The country got out of the socio-economic crisis but had yet to attain solid performance in some aspects. The task for the initial phase of the transitional period, which was preparing preconditions for industrialisation, was basically completed, enabling the switch to the next phase – stepping up national industrialisation and modernisation. The way to socialism in Vietnam had been further clearly defined.

After looking into the world’s situation, opportunities and challenges, the Congress defined that the target of industrialisation and modernisation was building Vietnam into an industrialised country with modern material-technological infrastructure, a reasonable economic structure, progressive production relations that matched the development level of production forces, high material and spiritual living standards, firm defence – security, rich people, a strong nation, and an equal and civilised society.

The event worked out development directions for key areas: developing and shifting the economic structure towards industrialisation and modernisation; policies for economic components; pushing ahead with the reform of economic management mechanisms; developing science – technology, education – training; building an advanced culture deeply imbued with national identity; policies for solving some social issues; defence and security; the foreign policy; promoting the great national unity and bringing into play the people’s mastery; and continuing the reform of the State apparatus, the building and perfection of the state of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

It also specified Party building orientations and tasks so that the Party would be able to meet requirements in the new period. They included firmly maintaining and enhancing the Party’s nature of the working class; strengthening cadres and Party members’ political mettle, virtue and capacity; consolidating the Party in terms of organisation and seriously complying with the democratic centralism principle; paying attention to developing the contingent of cadres; improving Party units’ combat capacity; pressing on with reforming the Party’s leadership methods; and reforming the Party’s inspection and disciplinary activities.

The congress elected a 170-strong Party Central Committee with Comrade Do Muoi re-elected Party General Secretary. Nguyen Van Linh, Pham Van Dong and Vo Chi Cong served as advisors to the Party Central Committee.

At its fourth meeting in December 1997, the Party Central Committee accepted Do Muoi’s offer to resign as Party General Secretary and elected Le Kha Phieu to this post. It honoured Do Muoi, Le Duc Anh and Vo Van Kiet as advisors to the Party Central Committee.

Domestic events
February 14, 1996: The Vietnam – China rail route was reopened.
April 20, 1996: Senior Lieutenant General Tran Van Tra passed away.
April 26, 1996: Vietnam issued international credit cards for the first time.
August 15, 1996: Work started on Lang – Hoa Lac Expressway
September 24, 1996: Vietnam signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty in the US.
October 31, 1996: The Ho Chi Minh Prize (Phase 1) was presented to 77 particularly excellent works and groups of works in terms of science, technology, literature and arts.
November 12, 1996: The law on foreign investment in Vietnam was approved during the 10th session of the ninth-tenure National Assembly, replacing the 1987 law on foreign investment in Vietnam and the revised law in 1990 and 1992.
November 28, 1996: The State Securities Commission of Vietnam was established.
December 26, 1996: Lawyer – President Nguyen Huu Tho passed away.
December 27, 1996: Dong Xuan Market in Hanoi was inaugurated (the market was burned down in 1994 and re-built on the old ground).
International events
January 20, 1996: The first general elections chose Yasser Arafat as first President of Palestine.
January 26, 1996: The US Senate ratified START II (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) between the US and Russia.
February 1, 1996: French President Jacques Chirac announced the end of France’s nuclear testing.
April 24, 1996: Russian President Boris Yeltsin met with Chinese President Jiang Zemin in Beijing, opening up a new period of the two countries’ relations.
May 29, 1996: Leader of the Likud Party Benjamin Netanyahu was elected Prime Minister of Israel.
July 3, 1996: Boris Yeltsin won over leader of the Communist Party Gennady Zyuganov to serve as Russian President for a second term.
September 10, 1996: The UN General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.
November 5, 1996: US President Bill Clinton was re-elected.
December 9, 1996: The UN allowed the Oil-for-Food programme to be carried out in Iraq.
December 17, 1996: The UN General Assembly elected Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General.
IX Party
Congress
Time: April 19-22, 2001
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,168
Number of Party members: nearly 2.5 million
PROMOTING NATIONAL POWER, SPEEDING UP INDUSTRIALISATION MODERNISATION

General context

- As the 20th century ended and the 21st century began, global integration took place strongly.

Bilateral and multilateral relations among nations have been expanded and deepened in various areas.

The scientific-technological revolution, especially information and biological technologies, continued to make great strides, becoming a direct production force that drove the knowledge-based economy, accelerated economic restructuring and caused deep changes in all social fields.

- Important achievements gained during 15 years of reform created a new posture and driving force for the country’s Doi Moi (renewal) cause. Additionally, we also faced challenges such as lagging further economically behind many countries in the region and the world, deviating from the socialist direction, and the threat of corruption and bureaucracy and “peaceful” evolution caused by hostile forces.

The Congress reviewed the Party’s 71-year leadership of the Vietnamese revolution, the five-year implementation of the Resolution adopted by the eighth National Party Congress, the 15 years of national renovation, the 10-year implementation of the socio-economic development strategy, in order to draw lessons, thereby developing and perfecting guidelines and outlining a national development strategy for the first two decades of the 21st century. It also devised Party building orientations and tasks to meet the nation’s requirements in the new period, revised and supplemented the Party Statute.

The Congress adopted a Political Report entitled “Promoting national power, continuing with reform, speeding up industrialisation, modernisation, building and safeguarding a socialist nation”.

According to the Congress, in implementing the 1991-2000 socio-economic stabilisation and development strategy, we gained great and important achievements. The economy has transformed from a serious lack of commodities to being able to meet essential needs of the public and the economy, from the centralised and subsidized management mechanism to the socialist-oriented market mechanism, from an economy with only two economic sectors - State and collective - to a multi-sectoral economy in which the State economy plays a leading role. Lives of people from walks of life improved. The country has emerged from a socio-economic crisis and economic embargo, expanded external relations and proactively integrated into the world economy.

About experiences after 15 years of reform, the Congress pointed out key lessons, including consistently following the goal of national independence and socialism on the basis of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh Thought. The Doi Moi process must be based on people and for their interests, suit reality and combine the national strength with the era’s power. The Party’s sound policy is a decisive factor for the success of the Doi Moi cause.

Regarding socio-economic development guidelines, the ninth Party Congress highlighted the need to step up industrialisation, modernization and build an independent and self-reliant economy to turn Vietnam into an industrialised country; give priority to developing production forces and building production relation that suits the socialist orientations; fully tap internal strength while mobilizing external resources and proactively integrating into the world economy for rapid, effective and sustainable development; develop the economy in combination with culture to gradually improve material and spiritual lives of people, ensure social progress and fairness, protect and improve the environment; combine socio-economic development with national defence-security strengthening.

The 2001-2020 socio-economic development strategy aims to bring the country out of underdevelopment status, significantly improve material and spiritual lives of the people, and lay the foundation for Vietnam to become a modernity-oriented industrialised nation by 2020. Human resources, scientific and technological capability, infrastructure, and economic and defence-security strength must be enhanced while socialist-oriented market economic institutions must be basically shaped, and the country’s position on international arena improved.

The Congress elected a 150-strong Party Central Committee. Nong Duc Manh was elected as Party General Secretary.

Domestic events
April 29, 2000: Prime Minister Pham Van Dong passed away.
May 21, 2000: My Thuan bridge in Tien Giang was inaugurated
July 13, 2000: Vietnam and the US signed a trade agreement. Later on December 11, 2001, the deal officially took effect.
July 20, 2000: Securities market opened in Vietnam, and the Ho Chi Minh City securities trading centre started operation.
September 7-9, 2000: President Tran Duc Luong attended the Millennium Summit at the United Nations.
November 16-19: US President Bill Clinton paid an official visit to Vietnam.
December 2000: Vietnam and China signed the Agreement on the Delimitation of Territorial Waters, Exclusive Economic Zones and Continental Shelves in the Gulf of Tonkin (during an official visit to China by President Tran Duc Luong from December 25-29).
December 28, 2000: declaring the completion of universalisation of elementary education and illiteracy elimination.
February 28 to March 2, 2001: Russian President Vladimir Putin visited Vietnam.
June 27, 2001: Nguyen Van An was elected as Chairman of the National Assembly at the 10th NA’s ninth session.
October 10, 2001: Terminal T1 at Noi Bai International Airport was inaugurated.
October 26, 2001: Vietnam was elected to the Executive Council of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO).
December 25, 2001: 10th session of the 10th National Assembly adopted a Resolution on amendments and supplements to several articles of the 1992 Constitution.
December 27, 2001: A ceremony was held to install the first national marker on the Vietnam-China mainland border at Mong Cai international border gate, Quang Ninh province.
International events
March 26, 2000: V. Putin was elected President of Russia.
May 24, 2000: Israel completed withdrawal of troops from the south of Lebanon, ending its 22-year occupation.
June 13-15, 2000: An Inter-Korean Summit was held in Pyongyang, starting a reconciliation process between the two Koreas after 55 years of separation.
June 26, 2000: 97 percent of human genome found, 85 percent of genome sequencing and 99 percent of human genome decoded, opening up a new era for biotechnology.
August 12, 2000: Russia’s nuclear-powered submarine Kursk sank in the Barents Sea, leaving 118 sailors dead.
December 11, 2000: The European Union (EU) reached an agreement on institutional reform to expand the bloc.
March 7, 2001: Ariel Sharon assumed office as Prime Minister of Israel.
April 28, 2001: US businessman Dennis Tito, 60, became the first visitor to the International Space Station (ISS).
June 7, 2001: UK Prime Minister Tony Blair won a historic victory for his second tenure.
September 11, 2001: terrorist attacks in Washington and New York, the US, leaving nearly 3,000 dead.
December 5, 2001: Russia and the US completed weapon reduction in line with the first stage of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START-1).
December 11, 2001: China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
December 13, 2001: The US withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty signed in 1972.
X Party
Congress
Time: From April 18 to 25, 2006
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,176
Number of Party members: 3.1 million
BRINGING INTO PLAY STRENGTH OF THE WHOLE NATION, SOON LIFTING VIETNAM OUT OF THE UNDERDEVELOPED STATUS

General context

- Economic globalisation created development opportunities but also contained many factors of inequality, posing considerable difficulties and challenges to countries, especially developing nations.

Economic and trade competition among countries became increasingly fierce.

Local wars, armed, racial and religious conflicts, arms races, intervention and overthrowing activities, separatist activities, terrorist acts, and disputes over borders, territories, seas, islands and natural resources continued in many places in an increasingly complicated manner.

- Inside the country, after 20 years of reforms (1986-2006), Vietnam’s stature and strength grew more and more strongly. The expansion of external relations, the proactive and active international economic integration, and the maintenance of a peaceful environment created many favourable conditions for the country to push on with reforms and boost socio-economic development faster.

However, the country was also facing a number of major challenges: the risk of lagging further behind many countries in the region and the world in terms of economy; the degradation of political mettle, thought, morality and lifestyle of some cadres and Party members; hostile forces’ continued implementation of the plot of “peaceful evolution” and triggering riots in an attempt to change the political regime in Vietnam.

The congress reviewed, made objective and comprehensive assessments of achievements, weaknesses and shortcomings, pointed out lessons during the implementation of the 9th National Party Congress’s resolution, and looked back on the 20 years of Doi moi (reforms). Basing on that, the congress further developed and perfected guidelines and viewpoints, specified national development orientations, targets and tasks for 2006-2010, along with Party building orientations and tasks, and supplemented and amended the Party’s Statutes.

The Political Report adopted at the congress was themed: “Improving the Party’s leadership and combat capacity, bringing into play the strength of the whole nation, comprehensively promoting reforms, and soon lifting the country out of the underdeveloped status.”

The congress affirmed that over the last 20 years, thanks to efforts by the entire Party, people and army, the country’s reforms attained substantial and historic achievements. Vietnam weathered the socio-economic crisis and underwent fundamental and comprehensive changes. The economy grew relatively fast; the industrialisation, modernisation and development of a socialist-oriented market economy were promoted; and people’s living standards were improved considerably. Besides, the political system and the great national unity bloc were reinforced, the political and social situation was kept stable, defence and security were firmly safeguarded, and the country’s standing in the international arena increasingly improved. The combined strength of Vietnam grew greatly, creating a new stature and strength for the country to keep moving forwards with bright prospects.

The awareness of socialism and the path to socialism was increasingly promoted while a system of theoretical viewpoints on “Doi moi”, a socialist society and the path to socialism in Vietnam took shape.

The congress adopted national development targets and orientations for 2006-2010: Improving the Party’s leadership and combat capacity, bringing into play the strength of the whole nation, comprehensively stepping up reforms, mobilising and optimising every resource for national industrialisation and modernization; developing culture; realising social progress and equality; enhancing defence and security, expanding foreign relations; proactively and actively integrating into the world economy; firmly maintaining political and social stability; soon lifting Vietnam out of the underdeveloped status; and creating the foundation for the country to become a modernity-oriented industralised nation by 2020.

The congress elected the Party Central Committee with 160 official members and 21 alternate members. Nong Duc Manh was re-elected Party General Secretary.

Domestic events
From June 20 to 25, 2005: Prime Minister Phan Van Khai visited the US. This was the first trip to the US by a Vietnamese Prime Minister after 30 years since the end of the war and 10 years since the normalisation of bilateral relations.
November 25, 2005: UNESCO recognised the cultural space of gongs in the Central Highlands as a masterpiece of the oral and intangible cultural heritage of humanity.
November 29, 2005: The Law on Thrift Practice and Wastefulness Prevention and the Law on Anti-corruption were approved at the eighth session of the 11th National Assembly.
These two laws took effect on June 1, 2006.
November 28, 2005: Work started on the Dung Quat oil refinery – the first of its kind in Vietnam.
After more than five years of construction, the Dung Quat oil refinery was inaugurated on January 6, 2011.
December 2, 2005: Work started on the Son La hydropower plant.
After seven years of construction, the Son La hydropower plant was inaugurated on December 23, 2012, becoming the biggest hydropower plant in Vietnam and Southeast Asia at that time.
2005: The diaries of martyrs Dang Thuy Tram and Nguyen Van Thac were published.
November 7, 2006: Vietnam became the 150th member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) after 11 years of negotiations.
November 18 and 19, 2006: Vietnam successfully organised the 14th High-level Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum.
December 8 and 9, 2006: The US House of Representatives and Senate approved the status of permanent normal trade relations for Vietnam, marking the complete normalisation of bilateral ties.
The flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam hit the record high of over 10 billion USD in 2006.
This was the largest amount of FDI since the Law on Foreign Investment in Vietnam came into force in 1997, showing the country truly became a promising destination for many major investors.
International events
January 20, 2005: US President George W. Bush was sworn in for the second term.
January 18, 2005: Airbus officially introduced the world’s largest commercial aircraft A380.
February 16, 2005: The Kyoto Protocol on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions came into full effect.
March 9, 2005: Thaksin Shinawatra was re-elected the Prime Minister of Thailand for the second term.
More than one year later, on September 19, 2006, a military coup overthrew the government of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra.
April 2, 2005: Pope John Paul II passed away. Benedict XVI was elected the new Pope.
July 7, 2005: Bombings targeting the underground train and bus systems in London, the UK, claimed 52 lives and injured nearly 800 others.
November 22, 2005: Angela Merkel was elected the first female Chancellor of Germany.
Late 2005: Avian influenza broke out strongly and spread across continents.
February 1, 2006: Seven newspapers in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy and Spain re-published some caricatures of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad which were first published by a Danish newspaper in January 2006, triggering outrages in the Islamic world around the globe.
May 27, 2006: A 6.3-magnitude earthquake in Java, Indonesia, killed 5,800 people and injured 45,000 others.
August 1, 2006: Cuban President Fidel Castro fell ill and temporarily ceded power to Vice President Raul Castro.
October 9, 2006: The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) conducted the first nuclear test and declared that it possessed nuclear weapons, which shocked the world and pushed negotiations to a deadlock.
October 13, 2006: The Republic of Korea’s Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon was elected the eighth Secretary-General of the United Nations.
November 5, 2006: An Iraqi special tribunal sentenced former President Saddam Hussein to death.
XI Party
Congress
Time: January 12-19, 2011
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,377
Number of Party members: 3.6 million
COMPREHENSIVELY PROMOTING NATIONAL RENEWAL CAUSE

General context

- At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the world situation was complicated and unpredictable.

Although peace, cooperation and development remained the major trend, local wars, armed conflicts, terrorism, socio-political instability, and sovereignty and territorial disputes, especially those in the East Sea, were still complicated.

Natural disasters, epidemics, energy crisis, environmental pollution and climate change became serious problems on a worldwide scale.

The financial crisis in the US spread, turning into a global financial crisis and economic depression.

- After 25 years of renewal, 20 years of implementing the Platform on National Construction in the Period of Transition to Socialism, and 10 years of realising the socio-economic development strategy for the 2001-2010 period, the country succeeded to emerge from the underdeveloped status, the national strength was improved in all aspects, national independence, self-reliance and the socialist regime were maintained, and Vietnam’s position and prestige in the international arena was enhanced.

Vietnam became a member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2006.

However, hostile forces continued their sabotage activities and riot incitement, and stepped up "peaceful evolution" activities.

The congress made assessments and drew lessons from the implementation of the resolution adopted by the 10th National Party Congress, socio-economic tasks in the five-year period (2016-2010), the 10-year Socio-Economic Development Strategy (2001-2010) and the 1991 Platform for National Construction in the Period of Transition to Socialism. On this foundation, the congress decided to supplement and develop the 1991 Platform, outlined a 10-year Socio-economic Development Strategy (2011-2020), set out the orientations, targets and tasks for five years (2011-2015), and adopted the supplemented and revised Party Charter along with many other important documents.

Commenting on the implementation of targets and tasks set by the 10th National Party Congress, the congress agreed that the whole Party and people exerted efforts and made important achievements, including effectively responding to complicated developments in the global and domestic economic situation; basically maintaining a stable macro-economy; sustaining a fair economic growth rate with development seen in all sectors, and expanding scale of the economy. The living conditions of people continued to be improved, the socio-political situation was stable, and defence and security were strengthened. National independence, sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity were firmly safeguarded. External relations and international integration activities were expanded, raising the country’s position and prestige in the world arena. Progress was seen in democracy promotion, while the national great unity bloc continued to be reinforced. The building of the Party and the political system enjoyed positive results.

The congress defined the general targets for the five-year  period (2011-2015) as follows: continuing to enhance the leadership and combat capacity of the Party; comprehensively promoting the renewal cause; building a pure and strong political system; promoting democracy and the strength of the national unity bloc; developing the economy in a fast and sustainable manner; improving the living conditions and spiritual life of people; maintaining political and social stability; expanding foreign relations activities; firmly safeguarding national independence, sovereignty, unification, and territorial integrity; creating the foundation for the country to basically become a modernity-oriented industrialised country by 2020.

The Party’s Platform on National Construction in the Period of Transition to Socialism (which was supplemented and developed in 2011), which was adopted in the congress, affirmed that advancing to socialism is the aspiration of the Vietnamese people and a correct choice of the Communist Party of Vietnam and President Ho Chi Minh, which is in line with the development trend of the history.

The socialist society that Vietnamese people are building is a society with rich people, strong nation, democracy, equality and civilization, having a highly developed economy basing on modern production forces and progressive and suitable production relations, a modern culture imbued with strong national identity and people living in prosperity, freedom and happiness and enjoying conditions for comprehensive development. All ethnic groups in the country are equal and unite with solidarity, mutual respect and mutual support for common development. The society has a socialist rule-of-law State of the people, by the people, for the people under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, and has friendly and cooperative relations with countries in the world.

The congress elected the 11th Party Central Committee with 175 official members and 25 alternate members. At the first session, the 11th Party Central Committee elected a Politburo with 14 members, and a Secretariat with four members. Nguyen Phu Trong was elected as the Party General Secretary.

At the seventh session of the 11th Party Central Committee, held from May 2-11, 2013, two members were supplemented to the Politburo, while one added to the Secretariat.

Domestic events
September 2010: The United Nations recognised Vietnam as the pioneering country in implementing Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), with two most successful goals being poverty reduction and education universalisation.
December 31, 2010: Vietnam successfully completed the ASEAN Chair Year.
December 17, 2010: The first turbine of the Son La hydropower plant generated power to the national power grid. This is one of the major national projects.
2010: four heritages of Vietnam were recognised by the UNESCO
+ The 82 stone steles at the Temple of Literature, Vietnam’s first university (Memory of the World Register, March, 2010)
+ Imperial Citadel of Thang Long (World Cultural Heritage Site, August 2010)
+ Dong Van Karst Plateau (Global Geopark, October 2010)
+ Giong Festival of Phu Dong and Soc temples (intangible cultural heritage of humanity, November 2010)
January, 2011: Can Tho International Airport was inaugurated (January 1, 2011), and Dung Quat oil refinery was commissioned (January 6, 2011).
May 22, 2011: The elections of deputies to the National Assembly and People’s Councils at all levels were held at the same day for the first time.
May 26, 2011: Chinese marine surveillance vessel cut exploration cables of Vietnam’s vessel Binh Minh 02 at a site 120 nautical miles offshore the Dai Lanh cape in the central province of Phu Yen, which was located entirely inside the waters of Vietnam’s sovereignty.
On November 20, 2012, the Binh Minh 02 ship’s cable was cut again by Chinese vessels while the Vietnamese ship was operating in waters out of the mouth of Bac Bo (Tonkin) Gulf to prepare for exploration activities.
November 20, 2011: The Thu Thiem tunnel and the entire East-West Highway were opened to traffic.
This was the first cross-river underground tunnel in the country and the most modern one in Southeast Asia at that time.
UNESCO recognised the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty (Vinh Loc district of Thanh Hoa province) as World Cultural Heritage site (June 27, 2011); and Xoan singing of Phu Tho province as part of the world intangible cultural heritage in need of urgent safeguarding (November 24, 2011).
International events
January 12, 2010: The strongest earthquake in 200 years in Haiti left about 230,000 people dead.
From July to November 2010: WikiLeaks released information about the US wars in Afghanistan and Iraq as well as internal diplomatic telegrams of the US, shocking the world.
August 19, 2010: The US withdrew all combat forces from Iraq more than seven years after starting the war to overthrow the Saddam Hussein regime.
More than a year later, on December 14, 2011, the US officially announced the end of the war in Iraq.
October 13, 2010: After 70 days trapped at a depth of 700 meters underground at the San Jose mines, 33 Chilean miners were successfully rescued.
2010: The public debt crisis broke out in Greece and spread in Europe.
March 11, 2011: The double disaster of earthquake and tsunami ravaged Japan, leaving nearly 30,000 people dead and missing and causing radioactive leakage at the Fukushima nuclear power plant.
April 2011: Cuba adopted the policy of "updating the economic model", mobilising the potential of non-state economic sectors for socio-economic development (at the sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba).
May 1, 2011: Terrorist leader Osama Bin Laden, head of the Al-Qaeda network, was killed by US special forces in Pakistan.
October 31, 2011: World population reached 7 billion.
November 2011: The ASEAN and China reached consensus on continuing to fully implement the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the East Sea (DOC) towards the building of a Code of Conduct in the East Sea (COC) for the settlement of disputes in the East Sea through peaceful measures in line with international law (within the framework of the 19th ASEAN Summit).
December 17, 2011: DPRK leader Kim Jong-il died.
XII Party
Congress
Time: January 21-28, 2016
Venue: Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,510
Number of Party members: 4.5 million
STRENGTHENING BUILDING OF PURE, STRONG PARTY

General context

- In the world, peace and development cooperation remained the major trend, but extreme nationalism and ethno-religious conflicts as well as terrorist activities still continued to increase. World powers strengthened their military might and strategic competition in the region became more fiercely.

      The global economy showed slow and unequal recovery with many difficulties.

- Inside the country, through the 30 years of implementing the reform cause, the five years of the Platform on national construction in the period of transition to socialism (supplemented and developed in 2011) and the Strategy on socio-economic development in the 2011-2020 period, the country recorded plenty of significant achievements with historical importance, affirming that the reform policy of the Party was right and creative, and the path to socialism in Vietnam was suitable to the reality in the country as well as the development trend of the history.

However, the reforms were yet to be concerted and comprehensive. The implementation of some socio-economic goals was behind the target, and many parts of the goals of turning the country into a basically industrialised and modernity-oriented country in 2020 were not reached.

The degradation in political ideology, morality and lifestyle seen in a no minor contingent of Party officials and members, and the evils of bureaucracy, corruption and wastefulness were not rolled back.

With the theme of “Strengthening the building of the Party into pure and strong; promoting the strength of the whole nation and socialist democracy; comprehensively and concertedly accelerating the cause of reform; firmly safeguarding the Motherland, maintaining a peaceful and stable environment; striving to turn Vietnam into a basically industrialised and modernity-oriented country at an early date”, the congress discussed and comprehensively evaluated the outcomes of the implementation of the resolution released at the 11th National Party Congress, the five-year socio-economic development tasks of 2011-2015, and reviewed the 30 years of reform.

The congress agreed that in the 2016-2020 period, it is crucial to focus on leading and directing the effective implementation of major tasks as follows:

- Strengthening the building and purification of the Party; preventing and fighting the degradation in political ideology, morality, lifestyle and signs of “self-evolution” and self-transformation” inside the Party. Focusing on the building of a contingent of officials, especially those at the strategic level who are capable, qualified and reputable, on a par with their duties.

- Building and organising the apparatus of a streamlined and effective political system; stepping up the fight against corruption, wastefulness and bureaucracy.

- Concentrating on the implementation of solutions to raise the growth quality, labour productivity and the competitiveness of the economy. Continuing to effectively implement strategic breakthrough in three areas (completing the socialist-oriented market economic institution; basically and comprehensively renovating education-training and developing human resources, especially high quality human resources; and building modern and synchronic infrastructure system), restructuring the overall and concert the economy in line with the reform of the growth model; speeding up the national industrialisation and modernisation with a focus on the industrialisation and modernisation of the agricultural sector and the rural areas in association with the building of new-style rural areas. Focusing on dealing with the restructuring of State-owned enterprises as well as the restructuring of State budget, tackling bad debts and ensuring safety for public debts.

- Resolutely and persistently struggling to firmly protect independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the Motherland; maintaining a peaceful and stable environment for national development; ensuring national security, social order and safety. Extending and deepening external relations; taking advantage of opportunities, overcoming challenges, and effectively implementing international integration in new conditions, continuing to improve the country's position and prestige at the international arena. and

- Strongly attracting and promoting all the creativeness and resources from the people. Improving the people’s material and spiritual life, effective solving urgent problems; strengthening social development management, ensuring social security and human security; improving social security and welfare, and promoting sustainable poverty reduction. Bringing into play the people's mastery and promoting the strength of great national solidarity.

The congress elected the 12th Party Central Committee comprising 180 official and 20 alternate members. At the first session, the Party Central Committee elected a 19-member Political Bureau with 19 members, along with a Secretariat with three. Nguyen Phu Trong was re-elected as the Party General Secretary.

At the sixth plenum of the 12th Party Central Committee from October 4-11, 2017, two more officials were elected to the Secretariat. At the seventh plenum of the 12th Party Committee from May 7-12, 2018, two more others were elected to the Secretariat.

Domestic events
From March 28 to April 1, 2015: Vietnam successfully hosted the 132rd Assembly of the Inter-Parliament Union (IPU-132).
July 6-10, 2015: Party General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong visited the US. This was the first visit by a General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam to the US.
2015: Vietnam concluded the negotiations of four free trade agreements (FTAs) with the Eurasian Economic Union, the European Union, the Republic of Korea and the Trans-Pacific Partners (TPP), bringing the total number of FTAs ​​that Vietnam engaged in to 14.
April 2016: A serious environmental incident happened in four central coastal provinces (Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien-Hue).
May 15, 2016: The Politburo issued Directive 05-CT/TW on strengthening the studying and following of President Ho Chi Minh's ideology, morality and style.
May 23-25, 2016: US President Barack Obama made an official visit to Vietnam.
October 30, 2016: The Party Central Committee issued Resolution No 04/NQ-TW on strengthening Party building and purification; preventing and repelling the deterioration of ideology, politics, morality and lifestyle, as well as "self-evolution" and "self-transform" manifestations inside the Party.
December 1, 2016: The UNESCO recognised the “Practices related to Vietnamese beliefs in the Mother Goddesses of Three Realms” as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
International events
July 14, 2015: Iran and the P5 + 1 group (including the US, Russia, China, France, the UK and Germany) signed a historic nuclear agreement - the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
July 20, 2015: The US and Cuba officially reopened their embassy in each other’s capital.
December 12, 2015: The Paris Agreement on Climate Change was adopted at COP21 (participated by 195 countries). The deal took effect in November 2016.
December 31, 2015: The ASEAN Community was officially formed with three major pillars: Political-Security Community, Economic Community, and Socio-Cultural Community.
2015: China conducted many activities to heat up the situation in the East Sea, including the illegal construction of artificial islands in Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) archipelagoes of Vietnam.
2015: Massive wave of migrants from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe.
2015: Many bloody shootings happened in Paris France, including an attack at the newsroom of the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo (January 7, 2015); and seven consecutive terrorist shootings and bombings (November 13, 2015).
April 3, 2016: The world's largest leak of confidential documents called "Panama Papers" was simultaneously announced, causing a global shock.
June 23, 2016: The UK conducted a referendum with the majority of voters choosing to leave the European Union (EU).
July 12, 2016: The final international ruling on the Philippines' lawsuit against China clarified that "there is no legal basis for China to claim historic rights in the East Sea and the so-called ‘9-dash line’ drawn by China is contrary to the UNCLOS”.
November 8, 2016: Billionaire Donald Trump won overwhelming victory in the US presidential election.
November 25, 2016: Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro died at the age of 90.
2016: Many terrorist attacks and shootings in Europe killed and injured hundreds of people, including those in Brussels, Belgium (March 22, 2016); in Nice, France (July 14, 2016); and Berlin, Germany (December 19, 2016)
XIII Party
Congress
Time: January 25 – February 1, 2021
Venue: National Convention Centre, Hanoi
Number of delegates : 1,587
Number of Party members: more than 5.1 milion
Solidarity – Democracy – Discipline – Creativeness – Development

General context

In the world, the COVID-19 pandemic is spreading out at a dizzying speed, pushing many countries into a dual crisis on health and economics. It has caused intensive and extensive impact on all aspects of the socio-economic life, changing the methods of working, living and communicating of the people, and forcing the world to adapt to the new normal state. According to the International Monetary Fund, under the adverse impact of the pandemic, the global economic growth is estimated to fall by 4.4 percent in 2020. Lockdown and border shutdown measures to contain the pandemic have stagnated trade and interrupted supply chains, resulting in a wave of bankruptcy around the world, especially in the fields of aviation, tourism and retail sale.

After eight years of negotiations, on October 15, 2020, the 10 ASEAN member states and five partners signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, creating the world’s largest free trade market with 2.2 billion consumers, accounting for more than 30 percent of the world population and 30 percent of global GDP, or around 27 trillion USD. RCEP is a comprehensive and high-quality trade deal, opening up new opportunities for multilateral trade cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region, creating an important motivation to boost recovery and growth of the world economy which is receding under the COVID-19 pandemic impact.

Inside the country, thanks to efforts and the high determination and will of the entire Party, people and army, Vietnam has gained important achievements in all fields over the past five years, especially in 2020, in the context that the regional and world situations are developing in an unpredictable and rapid way under the serious impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedentedly serious floods and storms in the central and Central Highlands regions.

Vietnam is rated as one of the 10 countries recording the highest economic growth in 2020, with an average GDP growth rate of 5.8 percent in the past five years. The fields of socio-culture, health, education, and science and technology have continued to develop and see progress in various fields, with the poverty rate being brought from 10 percent in 2015 down to 3 percent in 2020. Diplomatic relations and international integration have also gained important successes, contributing to improving Vietnam’s position in the regional and international arena.

In 2020, Vietnam successfully organised the ASEAN Chairmanship Year and the AIPA Chairmanship Year, and performed active moves as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council in the 2020-2021 term.

Particularly, in the year, the COVID-19 pandemic had huge impact on the country, causing serious socio-economic losses. Thanks to the bringing into play of the strength of the national great solidarity and the superiority of the socialist regime, the concerted, resolute and effective engagement of the entire political system under the leadership of the Party, and the support from the people, Vietnam has gradually well controlled the pandemic; step by step recovered production and business; stabilised the life, thus helping consolidate people’s trust in the Party, State and the socialist regime; and affirmed the mettle, will and fine tradition of the Vietnamese people and nation.

Congress’s content

The 13th National Party Congress has the theme of “Strengthening the building and rectification of the Party and the political system into purity and strength; rousing the will and determination for national development and promoting the strength of the great national unity bloc in combination with the power of the era; continuing to comprehensively and synchronously accelerate the cause of reform; constructing and firmly safeguarding the Fatherland and maintaining a peaceful and stable environment; and striving to turn Vietnam into a developed, socialist-oriented nation by the middle of the 21st century”.

The congress is held at a time when the entire Party, people and army have successfully realised many guidelines, targets and tasks set in the Resolution of the 12th National Party Congress, reaped various very important and relatively comprehensive achievements and left many deep imprints; and helped signify the great achievements of historical significance gained during the 35 years of renewal, the 30 years of implementing the 1991 Political Platform, the 10 years of implementing the 2011 Platform, and in the implementation of the 2011-2020 Socio-economic Development Strategy. There also remain shortcomings and weaknesses which need to be addressed in the next five years to realise the aspiration of a powerful and prosperous Vietnam by 2045.

In this context, the 13th Congress holds a great historical responsibility for the Fatherland, the people and the nation not only in the next five years, but also in the subsequent decades and for the future generations. With the viewpoint of looking strait to the truth, speaking the truth, renewal, integration and development, bringing into play the tradition of solidarity, joint effort and will, persisting with the trust on Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology and the way selected by the Party and beloved Uncle Ho, the Congress is assigned to review the 35 years of the renewal process, the 30 years of implementing the 1991 Political Platform, the 10 years of implementing the 2011 Platform, and the implementation of the 2011-2020 Socio-economic Development Strategy, and to set out socio-economic development orientations and tasks for 2021-2025 (the 50th anniversary of the liberation of the south and national reunification), and targets and orientations to 2030 (the centenary of the Party) with a national development vision to 2045 (the centenary of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam). These will be important milestones in the development process of the Party, the nation and the people, which hold the significance of national development orientations and strategic vision in the new era.

At the same time, the Congress deeply and comprehensively reviews the Party building and the leadership of the 12th Party Central Committee, defines orientations and tasks of Party building in the new tenure; assesses the implementation of the Party Statute and especially elect the 13th Party Central Committee with really exemplary members in terms of political quality, revolutionary ethics, leading capacity, mettle and wisdom sufficient to meet the rising requirements of the renewal cause, and to direct the implementation of the great, heavy, but glorious missions assigned by the Party, State and people in the time to come.

With the motto of “Solidarity - Democracy - Discipline - Creativeness - Development”, the 13th National Party Congress demonstrates the mettle, unyielding will and determination of the whole nation to advance forwards, for the goal of wealthy people, a strong, democratic, equal and civilised nation./.

The 13th National Party Congress has the theme of “Strengthening the building and rectification of the Party and the political system into purity and strength; rousing the will and determination for national development and promoting the strength of the great national unity bloc in combination with the power of the era; continuing to comprehensively and synchronously accelerate the cause of reform; constructing and firmly safeguarding the Fatherland and maintaining a peaceful and stable environment; and striving to turn Vietnam into a developed, socialist-oriented nation by the middle of the 21st century”.

The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) has the theme “Enhancing Party building and rectification work for a strong and clean Party and political system; stirring aspirations for national development and boosting the willpower and strength of the national solidarity bloc in combination with the era’s power; continuing to promote synchronously and comprehensively the Doi Moi cause; building and firmly protecting the Fatherland,  maintaining a peaceful and stable environment; striving to turn the country into a socialist-oriented developed nation by the middle of the 21st century.”

The Congress approved important documents: the Political Report; a report on the implementation of the socio-economic development strategy for the 2011-20 and the building of a new one for the 2021-2030 period; a report evaluating the implementation of socio-economic development tasks during the five-year period from 2016 to 2020, and setting orientations and tasks  for the 2021-25 period; a report reviewing Party building work and the enforcement of the Party statute in the 12th tenure; a report reviewing the leadership of the 12th Party Central Committee.

The congress then adopted the resolution with consensus. The resolution affirmed that achievements obtained in the past five years are the fruits of constant and steadfast efforts of the entire Party, people, and army throughout many tenures, contributing to the country’s major and historic accomplishments after 35 years of “Doi moi” (Renewal) policy. The resolution said the achievements during the 35 years of Doi moi and 30 years of implementing the 1991 Platform, especially the 10 years of the Platform supplemented and developed in 2011, have continued to affirm that the path to socialism in Vietnam matches the reality in the country and the development trend of the era, and that the Party’s clear-sighted leadership is the leading factor determining the success of Vietnam’s revolution. Amid fast and complicated developments in the global situation, the Party’s Platform remains “the flag of ideology, the flag of combat, the flag gathering the great national solidarity” for the goal of rich people, strong nation and an equitable, democratic, and civilised nation. The resolution also highlighted three strategic breakthroughs, which are  completing synchronous institutions for development; developing human resources ;and building a uniform and modern socio-economic infrastructure system.

Specific targets are as followed:

-      By 2025, Vietnam is a developing nation with modernity-oriented industry and surpasses the low-middle-income level.

-      By 2030, Becoming a developing nation with modern industry and upper-middle-income level.

-      By 2045, Becoming a developed nation with high-income level.

The congress elected the 13th-tenure Party Central Committee with 200 members, including 180 official and 20 alternate members. The 13th Party Central Committee convened its first plenum and elected a Politburo comprising 18 members.

Also at the plenum, General Secretary of the Party Central Committee in the 12th tenure Nguyen Phu Trong was re-elected as General Secretary of the Party Central Committee in the 13th tenure with very high consensus. The 13th Party Central Committee’s Secretariat comprised of a number of Politburo members assigned by the Politburo, along with five members elected at the first plenum. 

The new Party Central Committee’s Inspection Commission has 19 members, with Tran Cam Tu re-elected as its head.

With the motto "Solidarity - Democracy - Discipline - Creativity – Development, the Congress showed the mettle, indomitability and determination of the entire nation for the goal of rich people, strong nation and an equitable, democratic, and civilised nation.

Domestic events
January 1, 2020: Vietnam officially took on the role as ASEAN Chair 2020. With the theme “Cohesive and Responsive,” the ASEAN Chair Year 2020 was a comprehensive and resounding success for Vietnam, manifested by the quality of the contents and the record number of documents adopted, as well as the organisation of more than 550 meetings. A host of initiatives and priorities proposed by Vietnam became ASEAN’s common property. The success was also exhibited in ensuring security and safety of events and the promotion of the ASEAN Community and Vietnam’s image of peace, stability, and prosperous development to international friends.
January 2, 2020: Vietnam launched official activities in its capacity as President of the United Nations Security Council, opening its 2020-2021 tenure as a non-permanent member of the council.
Concluding 2020, Vietnam had finished half of its tenure and left a strong imprint in a year full of difficulties brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.
February 12, 2020: The European Parliament (EP) voted to ratify the European Union-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) and the European Union-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement (EVIPA). The adoption of the EVFTA and EVIPA gave new impetus to the comprehensive cooperative partnership between Vietnam and the EU.
February 24, 2020: The Military Hospital 108 announced the success of the first limb transplant in Southeast Asia, which was also the first limb transplant from a live donor in the world.
February 2020: For the first time, Vietnam had three universities named in the Emerging Economies University Rankings 2020 by the Times Higher Education (THE) Magazine: the Vietnam National University - Hanoi, the Hanoi University of Science and Technology, and the Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City.
March 4, 2020: Vietnam’s Level-2 Field Hospital No 3 made its debut, preparing for its UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan. The engagement in the UN peacekeeping missions contributed to strengthening defence cooperation between Vietnam and other countries and enhancing the country’s position in the region and the world.
March 2020: Drought and saltwater intrusion in the Mekong Delta exceeded the record level set in 2016. In the long term, the impact of climate change is forecast to make droughts, water shortages, and saltwater intrusion more frequent and severe.
April 1, 2020: Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc signed Decision No. 447 /QD-TTg on the announcement of a COVID-19 epidemic nationwide. Social distancing measures were applied from April 1 to April 15.
April 19, 2020: Vietnam reaffirmed its sovereignty over the Hoang Sa (Paracel) and Truong Sa (Spratly) archipelagos in response to China’s announcement on April 18 regarding the establishment of the so-called “Xisha district” (Vietnam’s Hoang Sa archipelago) and “Nansha district” (Vietnam’s Truong Sa archipelago) in the so-called “Sansha city”.
April 28, 2020: The Vietnam News Agency launched a programme marking the 45th anniversary of the liberation of the south and national reunification with a special activity: making the national flag with a page of a printed newspaper. Readers were encouraged to take a photo of the national flag and post in on social networks with the hashtag #toiyeuvietnam, to spread national pride.
May 19, 2020: Ten printed newspapers in Vietnam marked the birthday of President Ho Chi Minh by providing readers with an unprecedented experience - colouring in the circles on the pages to create a portrait of the late leader. This was an idea initiated by the Vietnam News Agency.
May 20, 2020: For the first time in history, the 9th session of the 14th National Assembly opened in the form of videoconference, connecting the National Assembly Building in Hanoi with the country’s 63 cities and provinces. The online session marked an innovative step and a premise for the National Assembly to improve the organisation of future meetings.
June 8, 2020: The National Assembly approved a resolution on Vietnam’s joining the International Labour Organisation’s Convention 105 on the Abolition of Forced Labour.
July 7, 2020: The Programme and External Relations Commission of the 209th UNESCO Executive Board approved a decision of the UNESCO Global Geoparks Council to recognise Dak Nong Geopark as a Global Geopark.
July 15, 2020: Nearly 100 doctors from leading hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City successfully performed surgery to separate conjoined twins Truc Nhi and Dieu Nhi, who were joined at their pelvises.
July 22, 2020: Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc and Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced the upgrade of the Vietnam-New Zealand relationship to the level of Strategic Partnership.
July 25, 2020: A COVID-19 case was detected at Da Nang Hospital after 99 consecutive days with no community infections in Vietnam. The pandemic then spread to 14 cities and provinces. The first death in Vietnam related to COVID-19 was reported on July 31.
August 9-10, 2020: Nearly 867,000 students nationwide sat for the high school graduation exams, two months later than normal due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic prevention and control measures were strictly applied, ensuring fairness in the exam and the health and safety of students and supervisors.
September 8-10, 2020: The National Assembly successfully hosted the 41st General Assembly of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly (AIPA 41) in the online form, showing the determination and effort of Vietnam and AIPA member parliaments in overcoming difficulties and reinforcing solidarity in a “cohesive and responsive” spirit.
October 18-20, 2020: Japanese Prime Minister Suga Yoshihide paid an official visit to Vietnam. This was his first overseas visit after a month since he took office and the second consecutive time a new Japanese Prime Minister had chosen Vietnam as the destination of their first foreign visit shortly after taking office.
September 20-October 28, 2020: All Party Organisations in 63 cities and provinces nationwide successfully organised their congresses for the 2020-2025 tenure, electing the Party Committees and Secretaries of the provincial and municipal Party Committees.
November 12-15, 2020: The 37th ASEAN Summit and Related Summits were held online, with more than 20 high-level sessions and over 80 documents adopted, including the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, which was signed between 10 ASEAN member countries and five partners.
October-November 2020: Seven consecutive storms hit Vietnam’s central region, bringing record rainfall, widespread flooding, and loss of life and property. Devastating floods and terrible landslides at Rao Trang 3 Hydropower Plant (Thua Thien-Hue), Nam Tra My and Phuoc Son (Quang Nam), and Huong Hoa (Quang Tri) left many dead and missing and resulted in heavy damage to these localities.
December 2-5, 2020: More than 1,200 delegates representing over 14 million people from 54 ethnic groups attended the second National Congress of Vietnamese Ethnic Minority Groups in Hanoi.
December 3, 2020: The Vietnam News Agency launched a website on the 13th National Party Congress at http://daihoidang.vn, providing information about the congress through many media forms to news agencies and the public both inside and outside the country.
December 27, 2020: The first International Day of Epidemic Preparedness was marked. On December 7, 2020, the UN General Assembly approved Vietnam’s initiative, with a resolution designating December 27 as the International Day of Epidemic Preparedness.
December 9-10, 2020: The tenth National Patriotic Emulation Congress was held in Hanoi with the theme “Solidarity, creation, emulation for national construction and defence”.
December 29, 2020: The UK-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (UKVFTA) was officially signed in London. The deal took effect from 23:00 on December 31, 2020.
International events
2020: COVID-19 pandemic rages, triggers a global crisis The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which first appeared in China’s Wuhan city, spread at lightning speed around the world, infecting around 80 million people and claiming over 1.7 million lives (as of late 2020). It pushed many countries into a twin public health and economic crisis. The pandemic intensively and extensively affected every aspect of socio-economic life, changed the way people work, live, and communicate, and forced the world to adapt to a “new normal”.
2020: Unusual US presidential election The “race to the White House” took place amid the COVID-19 pandemic, but nearly 160 million US voters - a record turnout - cast ballots. With more than 81 million votes and 306 out of 538 electoral votes, Joe Biden became the 46th President of the US.
Protracted arguments and a legal battle followed the November 3 election, in particular the riot at the US Capitol by supporters of President Donald Trump on January 6, deepening divisions and disagreements within the US political arena and society.
2020: Global economy experiences worst recession since World War II The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimated that the global economy contracted 4.4 percent in 2020 due to the impact of COVID-19. Lockdown and border shutdown measures to contain the spread of the coronavirus led to trade stagnation and disruptions in supply chains, triggering a wave of business bankruptcies worldwide, especially in the aviation, tourism, and retail sectors.
January 3, 2020: Qasem Soleimani, the commander of Iran’s Quds Force, was killed in a US air strike at Iraq’s Baghdad International Airport. This exposed US-Iran relations to the “red line” of confrontation throughout 2020.
January 15, 2020: The US and China signed their “Phase One” trade agreement, which took effect on February 14, 2020. The deal opened up hope for a new beginning in the settlement of the trade dispute between the world’s two largest economies that had lasted for almost two years. Relations were still engulfed in disagreements throughout the year, however.
January 28, 2020: US President Donald Trump unveiled the long-delayed Middle East peace plan. The plan is believed to be biased in favour of Israel, thus triggering international controversy and encountering strong protests from Palestine.
January 31, 2020: The UK officially left the EU, ending its 47-year membership of the world’s largest regional trading bloc. The two sides struck a post-Brexit trade agreement on December 24, 2020 that temporarily took effect on January 1, 2021.
February 29, 2020: The US and the Taliban in Afghanistan signed a historic peace deal in Doha, Qatar, in the presence of representatives from about 30 countries and territories around the world.
March 2020: The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) conducted four missile tests on March 2, 9, 21, and 29.
May 19, 2020: Palestine declared an end to all agreements with Israel and the US.
May 21, 2020: The US announced its withdrawal from the Open Skies Treaty with Russia, accusing it of repeated violations of the pact’s terms. The treaty was signed by the two countries in Finland on March 24, 1992. The US officially withdrew from the deal on November 22, 2020.
May 27, 2020: The protests against racial discrimination across the US, which followed the death of African-American man George Floyd from police violence, spread around the world. The Black Lives Matter movement resonated in a number of cities in France, Germany, Belgium, the UK, Italy, the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, South Africa, and Thailand, involving hundreds of thousands of demonstrators.
June 9, 2020: The DPRK cut off all inter-Korea communication lines. One week later, it blew up the joint liaison office, located in the Kaesong joint industrial zone in the town bordering the Republic of Korea.
From June 25 to July 1, 2020: Russia held a referendum on constitutional changes, with more than 77 percent of voters supporting the changes.
July 13, 2020: US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo rejected China’s sovereignty claims over most of the East Sea. In particular, the US rejected China’s sovereignty claims over the waters surrounding Bai Tu Chinh (Vanguard Bank) off Vietnam, Luconia Shoals off Malaysia, waters considered to be in the exclusive economic zone of Brunei, and Great Natuna Island in Natuna Archipelago off Indonesia.
From August to December 2020: Brokered by the US, Israel officially normalised diplomatic ties with four Arab nations: the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco.
August 4, 2020: Over 2,700 tonnes of ammonium nitrate fertiliser stored in Lebanon’s Beirut Port for six years exploded, causing a blast as strong as a 3.3-magnitude earthquake that killed 200 people and injured more than 7,000.
August 10, 2020: Turkey extended its gas exploration in the Eastern Mediterranean, which is disputed by Turkey and EU members Greece and Cyprus. Tensions escalated when they conducted military exercises in the Eastern Mediterranean, with Turkey holding a joint drill with the US and Greece with France, Italy, and Cyprus.
September 16, 2020: Yoshihide Suga, President of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, was sworn in as the 99th Prime Minister of Japan, replacing his predecessor Shinzo Abe who resigned on August 28 for health reasons.
September 19, 2020: The administration of US President Donald Trump unilaterally declared the re-imposition of all UN sanctions against Iran.
September 27, 2020: The conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan emerged in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region. In six weeks, from September 27 to November 10, the bloody clash killed more than 5,000 on both sides. It was considered the worst clash between the two countries since 1994. They signed a ceasefire agreement brokered by Russia on November 9, 2020.
November 4, 2020: The US officially withdrew from the Paris Agreement on climate change.
November 15, 2020: The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement was signed by the 10 ASEAN countries and five partners (Japan, China, the Republic of Korea, Australia, and New Zealand) after eight years of negotiations. It forms the world’s largest free trade area, with 2.2 billion people, or 30 percent of the global population, and a combined GDP of about 27 trillion USD, equivalent to 30 percent of global GDP.
November 17, 2020: Iran officially acknowledged its withdrawal from the 2015 nuclear deal (JCPOA). The move was considered retaliation against the US and Western countries.
November 24, 2020: Argentinian football legend Diego Maradona passed away at the age of 60 after a sudden heart attack.
November 27, 2020: Iranian nuclear scientist Mohsen Fakhrizadeh was assassinated by a group of gunmen in Absard city in the Damavand region, eastern Iran. The incident continued to provoke confrontation between Iran and Israel and the US.
December 1, 2020: ASEAN and the EU elevated relations to a strategic partnership.
December 14, 2020: The UK discovered a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. This variant is over 70 percent more transmissible than others, leading to skyrocketing numbers of new infections and fatalities in the UK and many other countries.
December 30, 2020: The EU and China reached an agreement in principle on a comprehensive investment deal after seven years of negotiations./.
200 person(s)
Duong Van An

Duong Van An

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Binh Thuan Province

Nguyen Hoai Anh

Nguyen Hoai Anh

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Binh Thuan Province

Chu Ngoc Anh

Chu Ngoc Anh

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Committee of Hanoi

Nguyen Doan Anh

Nguyen Doan Anh

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Commander of Military Region 4

Nguyen Hoang Anh

Nguyen Hoang Anh

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Commission for the Management of State Capital at Enterprises

Nguyen Thuy Anh

Nguyen Thuy Anh

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairwoman of the National Assembly's Committee of Social Affairs

Tran Tuan Anh

Tran Tuan Anh

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Politburo; Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Economic Commission

Le Hai Binh

Le Hai Binh

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy head of the steering board for external information work; Head of the Department of External Information and International Cooperation under the Party Central Committee's Commission for Popularisation and Education

Do Thanh Binh

Do Thanh Binh

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Kien Giang Province

Duong Thanh Binh

Duong Thanh Binh

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Ombudsman Committee of the National Assembly's Standing Committee

Nguyen Hoa Binh

Nguyen Hoa Binh

Year of birth: 1958

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court

Bui Minh Chau

Bui Minh Chau

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Phu Tho Province

Le Tien Chau

Le Tien Chau

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Hau Giang Province

Do Van Chien

Do Van Chien

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Delegation at the Vietnam Fatherland Front, President of the Vietnam Fatherland Front Central Committee

Hoang Xuan Chien

Hoang Xuan Chien

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Senior Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of National Defence

Hoang Duy Chinh

Hoang Duy Chinh

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Bac Kan Province

Mai Van Chinh

Mai Van Chinh

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Organisation Commission

Pham Minh Chinh

Pham Minh Chinh

Year of birth: 1958

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Vo Chi Cong

Vo Chi Cong

Year of birth: 1979

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Organisation Commission of the Party Committee of Soc Trang Province

Nguyen Tan Cuong

Nguyen Tan Cuong

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Senior Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of National Defence

Bui Van Cuong

Bui Van Cuong

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; General Secretary, Chairman of the National Assembly Office

Luong Cuong

Luong Cuong

Year of birth: 1957

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; General, Chairman of the General Department of Politics of the Vietnam People's Army

Ngo Chi Cuong

Ngo Chi Cuong

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Tra Vinh Province

Nguyen Manh Cuong

Nguyen Manh Cuong

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for External Relations

Nguyen Phu Cuong

Nguyen Phu Cuong

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Dong Nai Province

Phan Viet Cuong

Phan Viet Cuong

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Quang Nam Province

Tran Quoc Cuong

Tran Quoc Cuong

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Internal Affairs

Vu Duc Dam

Vu Duc Dam

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Prime Minister

Nguyen Van Danh

Nguyen Van Danh

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Tien Giang Province

Huynh Thanh Dat

Huynh Thanh Dat

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Science and Technology

Nguyen Hong Dien

Nguyen Hong Dien

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Industry and Trade

Nguyen Khac Dinh

Nguyen Khac Dinh

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the National Assembly

Luong Quoc Doan

Luong Quoc Doan

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Vice President of the Vietnam Farmers' Union

Nguyen Quoc Doan

Nguyen Quoc Doan

Year of birth: 1975

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Thua Thien-Hue Province

Nguyen Huu Dong

Nguyen Huu Dong

Year of birth: 1972

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Son La Province

Dao Ngoc Dung

Dao Ngoc Dung

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs

Dinh Tien Dung

Dinh Tien Dung

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Committee of Hanoi

Ho Quoc Dung

Ho Quoc Dung

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Binh Dinh Province

Hoang Trung Dung

Hoang Trung Dung

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Ha Tinh Province

Nguyen Chi Dung

Nguyen Chi Dung

Year of birth: 1960

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Planning and Investment

Vo Van Dung

Vo Van Dung

Year of birth: 1960

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Home Affairs

Nguyen Van Duoc

Nguyen Van Duoc

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Long An Province

Nguyen Quang Duong

Nguyen Quang Duong

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Organisation Commission

Pham Dai Duong

Pham Dai Duong

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Phu Yen Province

Bui The Duy

Bui The Duy

Year of birth: 1978

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Minister of Science and Technology

Do Duc Duy

Do Duc Duy

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Yen Bai province

Nguyen Van Gau

Nguyen Van Gau

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Major General, Political Commissar of Military Region 9, Ministry of National Defence

Phan Van Giang

Phan Van Giang

Year of birth: 1960

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Senior Lieutenant General, Minister of National Defence

Vu Manh Ha

Vu Manh Ha

Year of birth: 1979

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Information and Education Commission of the Party Committee of Ha Giang Province, Secretary of the Party Committee of Hoang Su Phi District, Ha Giang Province

Nguyen Thi Thu Ha

Nguyen Thi Thu Ha

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ninh Binh Province

Tran Hong Ha

Tran Hong Ha

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Natural Resources and Environment

Vu Hai Ha

Vu Hai Ha

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the National Assembly's Committee on Foreign Affairs

Nguyen Long Hai

Nguyen Long Hai

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Committee of Bac Kan Province

Le Khanh Hai

Le Khanh Hai

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the President's Office

Ngo Dong Hai

Ngo Dong Hai

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Thai Binh Province

Nguyen Duc Hai

Nguyen Duc Hai

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the National Assembly

Nguyen Thanh Hai

Nguyen Thanh Hai

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Thai Nguyen Province

Nguyen Tien Hai

Nguyen Tien Hai

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ca Mau Province

Ton Ngoc Hanh

Ton Ngoc Hanh

Year of birth: 1980

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Dong Xoai City, Binh Phuoc Province

Nguyen Van Hien

Nguyen Van Hien

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Major General, Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff of the Air Defence - Air Force

Nguyen Van Hieu

Nguyen Van Hieu

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City

Bui Thi Minh Hoai

Bui Thi Minh Hoai

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Mass Mobilisation

Le Minh Hoan

Le Minh Hoan

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development

Nguyen Thi Hong

Nguyen Thi Hong

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam

U Huan

U Huan

Year of birth: 1980

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Commission for Internal Affairs of the Party Committee of Kon Tum Province

Doan Minh Huan

Doan Minh Huan

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Editor-in-Chief of the Communist Review

Vuong Dinh Hue

Vuong Dinh Hue

Year of birth: 1957

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Chairman of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Trinh Viet Hung

Trinh Viet Hung

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Committee of Thai Nguyen Province

Le Quoc Hung

Le Quoc Hung

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Major General, Deputy Minister of Public Security

Lu Van Hung

Lu Van Hung

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Bac Lieu Province

Nguyen Manh Hung

Nguyen Manh Hung

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Information and Communications

Nguyen Van Hung

Nguyen Van Hung

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Inspection Commission

Nguyen Van Hung

Nguyen Van Hung

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism

Do Trong Hung

Do Trong Hung

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Thanh Hoa Province

Le Minh Hung

Le Minh Hung

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Chief of the Party Central Committee's Office

Tran Tien Hung

Tran Tien Hung

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Committee of Ha Tinh Province

Bui Quang Huy

Bui Quang Huy

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Secretary of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union's Central Committee

Le Quang Huy

Le Quang Huy

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the National Assembly's Committee on Science, Technology and Environment

Dieu Kré

Dieu Kré

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Mass Mobilisation

Y Thanh Ha Nie Kdam

Y Thanh Ha Nie Kdam

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Central Enterprises' Bloc

Le Minh Khai

Le Minh Khai

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Nguyen Dinh Khang

Nguyen Dinh Khang

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; President of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour

Dang Quoc Khanh

Dang Quoc Khanh

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ha Giang Province

Tran Viet Khoa

Tran Viet Khoa

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Director of the National Defence Academy

Nguyen Xuan Ky

Nguyen Xuan Ky

Year of birth: 1972

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Secretary, Chairman of the People's Council of Quang Ninh Province

Chau Van Lam

Chau Van Lam

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Tuyen Quang Province

To Lam

To Lam

Year of birth: 1957

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; General, Minister of Public Security

Dao Hong Lan

Dao Hong Lan

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Bac Ninh Province

Hoang Thi Thuy Lan

Hoang Thi Thuy Lan

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairwoman of the People's Council of Vinh Phuc Province

Hau A Lenh

Hau A Lenh

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister-Chairman of the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs

Nguyen Hong Linh

Nguyen Hong Linh

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Mass Mobilisation

Nguyen Van Loi

Nguyen Van Loi

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Binh Phuoc Province

Nguyen Phi Long

Nguyen Phi Long

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Committee of Binh Dinh Province

Le Thanh Long

Le Thanh Long

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Justice

Nguyen Thanh Long

Nguyen Thanh Long

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Health

Vo Minh Luong

Vo Minh Luong

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Senior Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of Defence

Le Truong Luu

Le Truong Luu

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Thua Thien-Hue Province

Truong Thi Mai

Truong Thi Mai

Year of birth: 1958

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Organisation

Phan Van Mai

Phan Van Mai

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Ben Tre Province

Lam Van Man

Lam Van Man

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Soc Trang Province

Tran Thanh Man

Tran Thanh Man

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Standing Vice Chairman of the National Assembly

Le Quang Manh

Le Quang Manh

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Can Tho City

Chau Van Minh

Chau Van Minh

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; President of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology

Le Quoc Minh

Le Quoc Minh

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Deputy General Director of the Vietnam News Agency

Pham Binh Minh

Pham Binh Minh

Year of birth: 1959

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Tran Hong Minh

Tran Hong Minh

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Head of the General Department of Defence Industry

Lai Xuan Mon

Lai Xuan Mon

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Cao Bang Province

Ho Van Mung

Ho Van Mung

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Commmittee; Member of the Standing Board and head of the Popularisation and Education Commission of the Party Committee of Khanh Hoa Province

Giang Pao My

Giang Pao My

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Lai Chau Province

Pham Hoai Nam

Pham Hoai Nam

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Admiral, Deputy Minister of National Defence

Tran Van Nam

Tran Van Nam

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Binh Duong Province

Nguyen Van Nen

Nguyen Van Nen

Year of birth: 1957

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ho Chi Minh City

Ha Thi Nga

Ha Thi Nga

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; President of the Vietnam Women's Union

Le Thi Nga

Le Thi Nga

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairwoman of the National Assembly's Committee of Judicial Affairs

Nguyen Thanh Nghi

Nguyen Thanh Nghi

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Construction

Nguyen Huu Nghia

Nguyen Huu Nghia

Year of birth: 1972

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Economic Commission

Nguyen Trong Nghia

Nguyen Trong Nghia

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission of Popularisation and Education

Bui Van Nghiem

Bui Van Nghiem

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the provincial Party Committee, Chairman of the People's Council of Vinh Long Province

Tran Thanh Nghiem

Tran Thanh Nghiem

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Rear Admiral, Commander of the Vietnam People's Navy

Nguyen Duy Ngoc

Nguyen Duy Ngoc

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Minister of Public Security

Nguyen Quang Ngoc

Nguyen Quang Ngoc

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Major General, Commander of Military Region 3 under the Ministry of Defence

Thai Dai Ngoc

Thai Dai Ngoc

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Commander of Military Region 5

Phan Nhu Nguyen

Phan Nhu Nguyen

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; member of the Standing Board of the Party Committee of Bac Lieu Province, Vice Chairman of the People's Council of Bac Lieu Province

Ho Van Nien

Ho Van Nien

Year of birth: 1975

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Gia Lai Province

Nguyen Hai Ninh

Nguyen Hai Ninh

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy chief of the Party Central Committee's Office

Ho Duc Phoc

Ho Duc Phoc

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Finance

Dang Xuan Phong

Dang Xuan Phong

Year of birth: 1972

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Lao Cai Province

Doan Hong Phong

Doan Hong Phong

Year of birth: 1963

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Inspector General of the Government Inspectorate Office

Le Quoc Phong

Le Quoc Phong

Year of birth: 1978

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Central Committee of Dong Thap Province

Nguyen Thanh Phong

Nguyen Thanh Phong

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Committee of Ho Chi Minh City

Nguyen Xuan Phuc

Nguyen Xuan Phuc

Year of birth: 1954

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; State President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Tran Quang Phuong

Tran Quang Phuong

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Senior Lieutenant General, Vice Chairman of the General Department of Politics of the Vietnam People's Army

Vu Hai Quan

Vu Hai Quan

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Director of the Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City

Tran Duc Quan

Tran Duc Quan

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Lam Dong Province

Bui Nhat Quang

Bui Nhat Quang

Year of birth: 1975

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; President of the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences

Hoang Dang Quang

Hoang Dang Quang

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Organisation Commission

Le Hong Quang

Le Hong Quang

Year of birth: 1968

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court

Le Ngoc Quang

Le Ngoc Quang

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; General Director of the Vietnam Television (VTV)

Luong Tam Quang

Luong Tam Quang

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of Public Security

Tran Luu Quang

Tran Luu Quang

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Ho Chi Minh City

Nguyen Van Quang

Nguyen Van Quang

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Da Nang

Thai Thanh Quy

Thai Thanh Quy

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Nghe An Province

Trinh Van Quyet

Trinh Van Quyet

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee, Political Commissar of Military Region 2

Tran Van Ron

Tran Van Ron

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Vinh Long Province

Vu Hai San

Vu Hai San

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of National Defence

Bui Thanh Son

Bui Thanh Son

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Foreign Affairs

Nguyen Kim Son

Nguyen Kim Son

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Education and Training

Tran Van Son

Tran Van Son

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister-Chairman of the Government Office

Do Tien Sy

Do Tien Sy

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Hung Yen Province

Nguyen Thanh Tam

Nguyen Thanh Tam

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Tay Ninh Province

Duong Van Thai

Duong Van Thai

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Bac Giang Province

Le Duc Thai

Le Duc Thai

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Commander of the Border Guard Force

Nguyen Hong Thai

Nguyen Hong Thai

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Commander of Military Region 1

Pham Xuan Thang

Pham Xuan Thang

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Hai Duong Province

Huynh Chien Thang

Huynh Chien Thang

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army

Nguyen Truong Thang

Nguyen Truong Thang

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Commander of Military Region 7

Nguyen Van Thang

Nguyen Van Thang

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Dien Bien Province

Nguyen Xuan Thang

Nguyen Xuan Thang

Year of birth: 1957

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Director of the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics; Chairman of the Central Theoretical Council

Pham Tat Thang

Pham Tat Thang

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice Chairman of the National Assembly's Committee for Culture, Education, Youth and Children Affairs

Tran Duc Thang

Tran Duc Thang

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Inspection Commission

Vu Dai Thang

Vu Dai Thang

Year of birth: 1975

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Quang Binh Province

Lam Thi Phuong Thanh

Lam Thi Phuong Thanh

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Lang Son Province

Nguyen Duc Thanh

Nguyen Duc Thanh

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Ninh Thuan Province

Nguyen Thi Thanh

Nguyen Thi Thanh

Year of birth: 1967

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairwoman of the Board for Deputy Affairs under the National Assembly's Standing Committee

Pham Viet Thanh

Pham Viet Thanh

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province

Tran Sy Thanh

Tran Sy Thanh

Year of birth: 1971

Position: .Member of the Party Central Committee; Auditor General of the State Audit of Vietnam

Vu Hong Thanh

Vu Hong Thanh

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the National Assembly's Economic Committee

Le Van Thanh

Le Van Thanh

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Nghiem Xuan Thanh

Nghiem Xuan Thanh

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam (Vietcombank)

Nguyen Van The

Nguyen Van The

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Transport

Le Duc Tho

Le Duc Tho

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Vietnam Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Industry and Trade (VietinBank)

Vo Van Thuong

Vo Van Thuong

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Political Bureau, Standing member of the Party Central Committee's Secretariat

Le Thi Thuy

Le Thi Thuy

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Ha Nam Province

Tran Quoc To

Tran Quoc To

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of Public Security

Le Tan Toi

Le Tan Toi

Year of birth: 1969

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Major General, Deputy Minister of Public Security

Y Vinh Tor

Y Vinh Tor

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Member of the Standing Board of the Party Committee of Dak Lak Province, Secretary of the Party Committee of Buon Ho Town, Dak Lak Province

Pham Thi Thanh Tra

Pham Thi Thanh Tra

Year of birth: 1964

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Minister of Home Affairs

Phan Dinh Trac

Phan Dinh Trac

Year of birth: 1958

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Party Committee's Commission for Internal Affairs

Duong Van Trang

Duong Van Trang

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Kon Tum Province

Le Minh Tri

Le Minh Tri

Year of birth: 1960

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Prosecutor General of the Supreme People's Procuracy

Luong Nguyen Minh Triet

Luong Nguyen Minh Triet

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Council of Da Nang

Nguyen Phu Trong

Nguyen Phu Trong

Year of birth: 1944

Position: General Secretary of the Party Central Committee

Le Hoai Trung

Le Hoai Trung

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Head of the Party Central Committee's Commission for External Relations

Nguyen Dinh Trung

Nguyen Dinh Trung

Year of birth: 1973

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the People's Committee of Dak Nong Province

Tran Cam Tu

Tran Cam Tu

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Political Bureau; Secretary of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Inspection Commission

Vuong Quoc Tuan

Vuong Quoc Tuan

Year of birth: 1977

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Vice Chairman of the People's Committee of Bac Ninh Province

Ngo Van Tuan

Ngo Van Tuan

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Hoa Binh Province

Nguyen Anh Tuan

Nguyen Anh Tuan

Year of birth: 1979

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; First Secretary of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union's Central Committee

Pham Gia Tuc

Pham Gia Tuc

Year of birth: 1965

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Chairman of the Party Central Committee's Commission for Internal Affairs

Hoang Thanh Tung

Hoang Thanh Tung

Year of birth: 1966

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Member of the National Assembly's Standing Committee, Chairman of the National Assembly's Committee on Legal Affairs

Le Quang Tung

Le Quang Tung

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of Quang Tri Province

Nguyen Thi Tuyen

Nguyen Thi Tuyen

Year of birth: 1971

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Hanoi

Bui Thi Quynh Van

Bui Thi Quynh Van

Year of birth: 1974

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairwoman of the People's Council of Quang Ngai Province

Mua A Vang

Mua A Vang

Year of birth: 1983

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Member of the provincial Party Committee, Secretary of the Party Committee of Dien Bien Dong District, Dien Bien Province

Huynh Quoc Viet

Huynh Quoc Viet

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Standing Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Ca Mau Province

Huynh Tan Viet

Huynh Tan Viet

Year of birth: 1962

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Secretary of the Party Committee of the Central Agencies' Bloc

Nguyen Dac Vinh

Nguyen Dac Vinh

Year of birth: 1972

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Chairman of the National Assembly's Committee for Culture, Education, Youth and Adolescents

Le Huy Vinh

Le Huy Vinh

Year of birth: 1961

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Senior Lieutenant General, Deputy Minister of National Defence

Nguyen Minh Vu

Nguyen Minh Vu

Year of birth: 1976

Position: Alternate member of the Party Central Committee; Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

Vo Thi Anh Xuan

Vo Thi Anh Xuan

Year of birth: 1970

Position: Member of the Party Central Committee; Vice State President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

PRESIDENT Ho Chi Minh

Founder and trainer of the Communist Party of Vietnam

Party Chairman from February 1951 until his death

Party General Secretary from October 1956 to September 1960

President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1946 - 1969)

Party General Secretaries